AI Article Synopsis
- Postoperative chylothorax is a rare but serious complication (2-4% incidence) following major lung surgeries, resulting from injury to the thoracic duct system.
- The main issues it causes are dehydration and the loss of vital nutrients and immune components.
- Preventative measures during surgery are crucial, and if conservative treatments fail, aggressive options like thoracic duct embolization or repeat surgery should be considered for cases with high output (over 1,000 ml/day).
Article Abstract
Postoperative chylothorax is a relatively rare but potentially fatal complication caused by iatrogenic injury to thoracic duct system, with an incidence ranging from 2 to 4% after major lung surgery or esophagectomy. The pathophysiologic features of chylothorax include dehydration, loss of nutrients and immunological components. Intraopreative prevention is the first step for the management, and treatment options include conservative therapy, percutaneous intervention, and redo-operation. Although the treatment algorithm has not been standardized, chylothorax which is refractory to conservative treatment, or that with high output greater than 1,000 ml/day should be treated aggressively with thoracic duct embolization or redo-operation in a timely fashion. We herein review the anatomy and physiology of thoracic duct system and describe the overview of prevention and each theapeutic options of postoperative chylothorax.
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