Gender studies (GS) has been challenged on epistemological grounds. Here, we compare samples of peer-reviewed academic journal publications written by GS authors and authors from closely related disciplines in the social sciences. The material consisted of 2805 statements from 36 peer-reviewed journal articles, sampled from the Swedish Gender Studies List, which covers >12,000 publications. Each statement was coded as expressing a lack of any of three aspects of objectivity: Bias, Normativity, or Political activism, or as considering any of four realms of explanation for the behaviours or phenomena under study: Biology/genetics, Individual/group differences, Environment/culture, or Societal institutions. Statements in GS publications did to a greater extent express bias and normativity, but not political activism. They did also to a greater extent consider cultural, environmental, social, and societal realms of explanation, and to a lesser extent biological and individual differences explanations.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11192-017-2407-x | DOI Listing |
Comput Biol Med
February 2025
Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, 32610, Perak, Malaysia; Center for Research in Data Science (CeRDaS), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, 32610, Perak, Malaysia. Electronic address:
Background: The interpretability and explainability of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence systems are critical for generating trust in their outcomes in fields such as medicine and healthcare. Errors generated by these systems, such as inaccurate diagnoses or treatments, can have serious and even life-threatening effects on patients. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is emerging as an increasingly significant area of research nowadays, focusing on the black-box aspect of sophisticated and difficult-to-interpret ML algorithms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiochem Biophys Res Commun
December 2024
Manning College of Information and Computer Sciences University of Massachusetts, Amherst Amherst, MA 01003-9264, USA. Electronic address:
Gels
October 2024
Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar.
Gels, specifically hydrogels and aerogels, have emerged as versatile materials with profound implications in pharmaceutical sciences. This comprehensive review looks into detail at hydrogels and aerogels, providing a general introduction to gels as a foundation. The paper is then divided into distinct sections for hydrogels and aerogels, each delving into their unique formulations, advantages, disadvantages, and applications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanotechnology
November 2024
Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems (Ministry of Education of China), Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China.
Comput Biol Med
November 2024
HiTZ Center - Ixa, Department of Electricity and Electronics, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena 2, Leioa 48940, Spain.
Background And Objective: In the realm of automatic Electronic Health Records (EHR) classification according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) there is a notable gap of non-black box approaches and more in Spanish, which is also frequently ignored in clinical language classification. An additional gap in explainability pertains to the lack of standardized metrics for evaluating the degree of explainability offered by distinct techniques.
Methods: We address the classification of Spanish electronic health records, using methods to explain the predictions and improve the decision support level.
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