This study aimed to identify common patterns of pre-ballistic vehicle kinematics and roadway characteristics of real-world rollover crashes. Rollover crashes that were enrolled in the National Automotive Sampling System-Crashworthiness Data System (NASS-CDS) between the years 2000 and 2010 were analyzed. A descriptive analysis was performed to understand the characteristics of the pre-ballistic phase. Also, a frequency based pattern analysis was performed using a selection of NASS-CDS variables describing the pre-ballistic vehicle kinematics and roadway characteristics to rank common pathways of rollover crashes. Most case vehicles departed the road due to a loss of control/traction (LOC) (61%). The road departure with LOC was found to be 13.4 times more likely to occur with slippery road conditions compared to dry conditions. The vehicle was typically laterally skidding with yawing prior to a rollover (66%). Most case vehicles tripped over (82%) mostly at roadside/median (69%). The tripping force was applied to the wheels/tires (82%) from the ground (79%). The combination of these six most frequent attributes resulted in the most common scenario, which accounted for 26% of the entire cases. Large proportion of road departure with LOC (61%) implies electronic stability control (ESC) systems being an effective countermeasure for preventing single-vehicle rollover crashes. Furthermore, the correlation between the road departure with LOC and the reduced friction limit suggests the necessity of the performance evaluation of ESC under compromised road surface condition.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2017.07.022 | DOI Listing |
Materials (Basel)
December 2024
Mechanical Engineering Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Spain.
Due to increasing mobility and energy conservation needs, improving bus and coach safety without adding weight is essential. Many crashes with fatal outcomes for vehicle occupants are associated with the rollover of the vehicle, revealing the structural weakness of the steel pillars between windows, which must resist high levels of bending during rollovers. This study aims to reinforce these pillars with expired carbon fiber prepreg from the aircraft industry, improving safety and reducing environmental waste.
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November 2024
ProBiomechanics LLC, Bloomfield Hills, Michigan.
Objective: The effect of shoulder-belt load-limiting was evaluated on right-front passenger kinematics in 90 km/h oblique OMDB (offset moving deformable barrier) impacts and compared to kinematics in 56 km/h NCAP crash tests. The study focused on the influence of webbing pulling out of the retractor increasing forward excursion of the upper torso and head.
Methods: 18 OMDB crash tests were conducted by NHTSA at 90 km/h.
Heliyon
September 2024
Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, 4121 Wilson Blvd, 6th Floor, Arlington, VA, 22203, USA.
Objective: The effect of ESC (Electronic Stability Control) was investigated for the rate of crash exposure, serious injury and fatality in pole and tree impacts. Field data was analyzed by crash type (front, side, rear and rollover) and model year (MY) before, during and after the implementation of ESC.
Methods: The number of pole and tree impacts was determined for four groups of vehicle model years (MY): 1981-1989 MY and 1990-2002 MY before the introduction of ESC, 2003-2009 during the phase-in of ESC and 2010-2020 MY after essentially all vehicles were equipped with ESC.
Sci Rep
September 2024
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Road, Glassboro, NJ, 08028, USA.
Traffic Inj Prev
September 2024
Department of Civil and Construction Engineering, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan.
Objectives: Due to their relatively complex roadway characteristics, horizontal and vertical curve segments are associated with decreased visibility and a higher risk of rollovers. Multiple studies have identified the associated risk of young and older drivers separately in such complicated driving environments. This study investigated the relationship between driver age and injury occurrence from crashes occurring along curve-grade combined segments.
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