Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) comprise a distinct set of clinical symptoms resulting from chronic or relapsing immune activation and corresponding inflammation within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Diverse genetic mutations, encoding important aspects of innate immunity and mucosal homeostasis, combine with environmental triggers to create inappropriate, sustained inflammatory responses. Recently, significant advances have been made in understanding the interplay of the intestinal epithelium, mucosal immune system, and commensal bacteria as a foundation of the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Complex interactions between specialized intestinal epithelial cells and mucosal immune cells determine different outcomes based on the environmental input: the development of tolerance in the presence of commensal bacterial or the promotion of inflammation upon recognition of pathogenic organisms. This article reviews key genetic abnormalities involved in inflammatory and homeostatic pathways that enhance susceptibility to immune dysregulation and combine with environmental triggers to trigger the development of chronic intestinal inflammation and IBD.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753425917722206 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Automatic Quality Control System and Adenoma Detection Rates During Routine Colonoscopy: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Importance: High-quality colonoscopy reduces the risks of colorectal cancer by increasing the adenoma detection rate. Routine use of an automatic quality control system (AQCS) to assist in colorectal adenoma detection should be considered.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of an AQCS on the adenoma detection rate among colonoscopists who were moderate- and low-level detectors during routine colonoscopy.
First-line biologics as a treatment for ulcerative colitis: a multicenter randomized control study.
J Gastroenterol
January 2025
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan.
Background: Despite the availability of several biologics for ulcerative colitis (UC), there remains a critical need to identify first-line treatment biologics. The superiority of infliximab (IFX) over vedolizumab (VED) and ustekinumab (UST) was evaluated as initial UC treatments in patients with biologic-naïve UC.
Methods: This multicenter, randomized control trial was conducted across 20 Japanese medical institutions.
Functional characterization of novel anti-DEFA5 monoclonal antibody clones 1A8 and 4F5 in inflammatory bowel disease colitis tissues.
Inflamm Res
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience, and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, 1005 D.B. Todd Jr. Blvd, Nashville, TN, USA.
Background: The aberrant expression of α defensin 5 (DEFA5) protein in colonic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) underlies the distinct pathogenesis of Crohn's colitis (CC). It can serve as a biomarker for differentiating CC from Ulcerative colitis (UC), particularly in Indeterminate colitis (IC) cases into UC and CC. We evaluated the specificity of commercially available anti-DEFA5 antibodies, emphasizing the need to further validate their appropriateness for a given application and highlighting the necessity for novel antibodies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[An update on surgical treatment options for inflammatory bowel disease].
Inn Med (Heidelb)
January 2025
Klinik für Allgemein‑, Viszeral- und Thoraxchirurgie, Klinikum Darmstadt GmbH, Grafenstraße 9, 64283, Darmstadt, Deutschland.
There are national and international guidelines and developments for the surgery of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that contribute to better patient care. Important recommendations include increasingly individualized and minimally invasive approaches with the integration of new technologies. The indication for abdominal surgery remains tied to specialization, not least in order to continue to be able to assess the importance of sequential treatment and multimodality in improving surgical results and minimizing risks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGeneralizability of Randomized Controlled Trials to Routine Clinical Care in Ulcerative Colitis.
Inflamm Bowel Dis
January 2025
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, 5th Floor Cal Wenzel Precision Health Building, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada.
Background: Historically, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been criticized for being poorly generalizable to patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) evaluated in routine care. We aimed to evaluate the proportion of patients with UC starting an advanced therapy who would be eligible to participate in phase 3 registrational UC RCTs.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of UC patients starting vedolizumab, ustekinumab, or tofacitinib at 2 IBD clinics at the University of Calgary.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!