We report a simple and inexpensive electrochemical assay using a custom built hand-held potentiostat for the identification of explosives. The assay is based on a wipe test and is specifically designed for use in the field. The prototype instrument designed to run the assay is capable of performing time-resolved electrochemical measurements including cyclic square wave voltammetry using an embedded microcontroller with parts costing roughly $250 USD. We generated an example library of cyclic square wave voltammograms of 12 compounds including 10 nitroaromatics, a nitramine (RDX), and a nitrate ester (nitroglycine), and designed a simple discrimination algorithm based on this library data for identification.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s17081769 | DOI Listing |
Anal Chim Acta
February 2025
Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, No.516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China.
Background: Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has attracted much attention as a powerful detection and analysis tool with high sensitivity and fast detection speed. The intensity of the SERS signal mainly depended on the highly enhanced electromagnetic field of nanostructure near the substrate. However, the fabrication of high-quality SERS nanostructured substrates is usually complicated, makes many methods unsuitable for large-scale production of SERS substrates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFuture Cardiol
January 2025
Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Reaching competency in congenital heart surgery (CHS) requires lengthy and rigorous training. Due to patient safety, time limitations, and procedural complexity, the intraoperative setting is not ideal for technical practice. Surgical simulation using synthetic, biological, or virtual models is an increasingly valuable educational tool for technical training and assessment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicroorganisms
January 2025
Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy.
Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a biodegradable natural polymer produced by different prokaryotes as a valuable carbon and energy storage compound. Its biosynthesis pathway requires the sole expression of the operon, although auxiliary genes play a role in controlling polymer accumulation, degradation, granule formation and stabilization. Due to its biodegradability, PHB is currently regarded as a promising alternative to synthetic plastics for industrial/biotechnological applications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomolecules
January 2025
Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Nefrológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, CMN SXXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico.
Serum creatinine levels are the most used clinical marker to estimate renal function as the glomerular function rate because it is simple, fast, and inexpensive. However, creatinine has limitations, as its levels can be influenced by factors such as advanced age, physical activity, protein-rich diets, male gender, medications, and ethnicity. Serum cystatin C and its combination with serum creatinine may serve as an alternative since these factors do not affect it.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVaccines (Basel)
January 2025
State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology "Vector", Rospotrebnadzor, World-Class Genomic Research Center for Biological Safety and Technological Independence, Federal Scientific and Technical Program on the Development of Genetic Technologies, 630559 Koltsovo, Russia.
Although mRNA vaccines encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have demonstrated a safety profile with minimal serious adverse events in clinical trials, there is opportunity to further reduce mRNA reactogenicity. The development of naked mRNA vaccines could improve vaccine tolerability. Naked nucleic acid delivery using the jet injection method may be a solution.
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