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Sequencing and de novo assembly of 150 genomes from Denmark as a population reference. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Advances in genomic research are driving large-scale sequencing projects to enhance our understanding of genetic variations linked to complex disorders and traits.
  • Traditional methods for identifying variations have limitations in discovering structural variants, indicating a need for de novo assembly techniques.
  • This study presents successful assemblies from high-coverage sequencing, yielding a wealth of structural variants and aiding in the refinement of genetic association mapping, with implications for precision medicine in Denmark and beyond.*

Article Abstract

Hundreds of thousands of human genomes are now being sequenced to characterize genetic variation and use this information to augment association mapping studies of complex disorders and other phenotypic traits. Genetic variation is identified mainly by mapping short reads to the reference genome or by performing local assembly. However, these approaches are biased against discovery of structural variants and variation in the more complex parts of the genome. Hence, large-scale de novo assembly is needed. Here we show that it is possible to construct excellent de novo assemblies from high-coverage sequencing with mate-pair libraries extending up to 20 kilobases. We report de novo assemblies of 150 individuals (50 trios) from the GenomeDenmark project. The quality of these assemblies is similar to those obtained using the more expensive long-read technology. We use the assemblies to identify a rich set of structural variants including many novel insertions and demonstrate how this variant catalogue enables further deciphering of known association mapping signals. We leverage the assemblies to provide 100 completely resolved major histocompatibility complex haplotypes and to resolve major parts of the Y chromosome. Our study provides a regional reference genome that we expect will improve the power of future association mapping studies and hence pave the way for precision medicine initiatives, which now are being launched in many countries including Denmark.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature23264DOI Listing

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