Beyond Nature and Culture: Fromm's Existentialism.

Psychoanal Rev

89 Orchard View Blvd., Toronto, ON M4R 1C1, Canada. E-mail:

Published: August 2017

Though commonly seen as a member of the so-called "culturistic" school of psychoanalysis that rejected Freudian drive theory and embraced an "oversocialized" conception of human nature, Fromm's qualified essentialism and neo-Marxist existentialism significantly transcend both biological and social determinism (although he succumbs to the latter in regard to his theory of the Oedipus complex). His existential Freudo-Marxism contributes to the integration of psychoanalysis and social science. In place of the authoritarian superego and the pseudo-objective stance of the classical Freudians, Fromm offers conscientious, egalitarian, personalistic, and humane values.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/prev.2017.104.4.485DOI Listing

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