The 4D nucleome in Kraków - Prospects for an emerging field.

asbtract It may seem obvious that the structural complexity of the cell nucleus should be investigated by microscopy methods. However, the researchers' toolbox has been enriched enormously in recent years by ideas arriving from a number of fields unrelated to microscopy. The recent conference 4D Nucleome: The Cell Nucleus in Space and Time, which was held in Kraków in May 2017, was an opportunity to appreciate the growing number of conceptual approaches and newly emerging analytical techniques that are revolutionizing our understanding of the structure of chromatin and the nucleus.