Let-7b Regulates Myoblast Proliferation by Inhibiting Expression in Dwarf and Normal Chicken.

The sex-linked dwarf chicken is caused by the mutation of growth hormone receptor () gene and characterized by shorter shanks, lower body weight, smaller muscle fiber diameter and fewer muscle fiber number. However, the precise regulatory pathways that lead to the inhibition of skeletal muscle growth in dwarf chickens still remain unclear. Here we found a let-7b mediated pathway might play important role in the regulation of dwarf chicken skeletal muscle growth. Let-7b has higher expression in the skeletal muscle of dwarf chicken than in normal chicken, and the expression of insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 3 (), which is a translational activator of IGF2, showed opposite expression trend to let-7b. cellular assays validated that let-7b directly inhibits expression through binding to its 3'UTR region, and the protein level but not mRNA level of would be reduced in let-7b overexpressed chicken myoblast. Let-7b can inhibit cell proliferation and induce cell cycle arrest in chicken myoblast through let-7b-IGF2BP3-IGF2 signaling pathway. Additionally, let-7b can also regulate skeletal muscle growth through let-7b-GHR-GHR downstream genes pathway, but this pathway is non-existent in dwarf chicken because of the deletion mutation of 3'UTR. Notably, as the loss binding site of for let-7b, let-7b has enhanced its binding and inhibition on in dwarf myoblast, suggesting that the miRNA can balance its inhibiting effect through dynamic regulate its binding to target genes. Collectively, these results not only indicate that let-7b can inhibit skeletal muscle growth through let-7b-IGF2BP3-IGF2 signaling pathway, but also show that let-7b regulates myoblast proliferation by inhibiting expression in dwarf and normal chickens.