We estimate the causal effect of parents' education on their children's education and examine the timing of the impact. We identify the causal effect by exploiting the exogenous shift in (parents') education levels induced by the 1972 minimum school leaving age reform in England. Increasing parental education has a positive causal effect on children's outcomes that is evident in preschool assessments at age 4 and continues to be visible up to and including high-stakes examinations taken at age 16. Children of parents affected by the reform attain results around 0.1 standard deviations higher than those whose parents were not impacted.
Department of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine and Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA.
Background: Despite the recognised links between food insecurity and parenting, few studies have evaluated the perceived impacts of livelihood or food security interventions on parental practices, intra-household functioning, adolescent behaviour and psychosocial outcomes in HIV-affected households in sub-Saharan Africa.
Aims: The study aimed to understand the perceived effects of food security on parenting practices and how this was experienced by both adolescent girls (aged 13-19 years) and their caregivers in rural Kenya.
Method: We conducted semi-structured, individual interviews with 62 caregiver-adolescent dyads who were participants in the adolescent (NCT03741634), a sub-study of adolescent girls and caregivers with a household member participating in the agricultural and finance intervention trial (NCT01548599).
National Competence Center Barnafrid, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Background: Participatory approaches in child maltreatment (CM) research increasingly focus on involving children, youth, and adults as co-researchers. However, little is known about their use in Europe.
Objective: To review the European literature on participatory approaches in CM research.
Childhood nutrition is critical for development however maternal feeding attitudes may influence feeding practices and subsequent outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate mothers' attitudes toward their children's feeding process and its relationship with characteristics and children's nutritional problems. One hundred thirty-five mother-child couples who attended the Social Pediatrics Outpatient Clinic of a hospital participated in the study.
Although individual differences in children's moral self-concept emerge during early childhood and predict future behavioral outcomes, the cognitive skills underlying the development of the moral self have received little attention. We addressed this gap with a longitudinal sample of 106 children (M = 52.78 months, SD = 6.
