Background: Acquired brain injury (ABI) is known to be severely disabling. On average, 40% of employees return to work (RTW) within two years after injury. There is, however, limited research on what might contribute to successful RTW.
Aim: To examine factors that might impact the time-to first RTW for patients with ABI, participating in a RTW-program.
Methods: The study was designed as a cohort study of patients on sick leave due to mild or moderate ABI (n = 137). The mean age of the patients was 51 years, and 58% were men. The most common diagnoses were stroke (75%) and traumatic brain injury (12%). Data were collected through questionnaires, and combined with register data on sickness absence. Survival analyses were used to analyse the effect of different variables on time to first RTW (full or partial), at one- and two-year follow-up.
Results: Generally, women (HR = 0.447; CI: 0.239-0.283) had higher RTW-rates than men, and patients with non-comorbid impairments returned to work earlier than patients with multiple impairments. Although not statistically significant, receiving individual consultations and participating in group-sessions were generally associated with a delayed RTW at both follow-up-times. The only service-related factor significantly associated with delayed RTW was meetings with the social insurance office (HR = 0.522; CI: 0.282-0.965), and only at one-year follow-up.
Conclusions: Women and patients with non-comorbid impairments returned to work earlier than men and patients with multiple impairments. There seems to be an association between intense and long-lasting participation in the RTW program and prolonged time-to first-RTW, even after controlling for level of cognitive impairments and comorbidity. Implications for Rehabilitation Acquired brain injury (ABI) is known to be severely disabling, and persons with ABI often experience difficulties in regard to returning to work. This study provides information on prognostic factors that might contribute to return to work (RTW) for patients with acquired brain injury, both at the individual level, but also in regard to service and timing characteristics. Knowledge about such factors provide rehabilitation professionals with information about effective service components that might help patients with ABI to RTW, and thus makes it possible to adapt and adjust the services to the patient's situation. Furthermore, having more knowledge on factors that contribute to RTW gives clinics the opportunity to select patients that might benefit the most from these services, thereby making them more effective.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2017.1354234 | DOI Listing |
Biomacromolecules
January 2025
School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
Cerebral ischemic stroke, neuronal death, and inflammation bring difficulties in neuroprotection and rehabilitation. In this study, we developed and designed the ability of natural lactoferrin-polyethylene glycol-polyphenylalanine-baicalein nanomicelles (LF-PEG-PPhe-Bai) to target and reduce these pathological processes, such as neurological damage and cognitive impairment in the stages of poststroke. Nanomicelles made from biocompatible materials have improved bioavailability and targeted distribution to afflicted brain areas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Head Trauma Rehabil
January 2025
Author Affiliations: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (Drs Wyrwa, Burke, Forster, and Kinney), Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Psychiatry, and Neurology (Dr Brenner), University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; and VA Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC) (Dr Brenner, Mr Yan, Ms Schneider, Mr King, and Drs Forster and Kinney), Aurora, Colorado.
Objective: To examine whether neurobehavioral symptoms mediate the relationship between comorbid mental health conditions (major depressive disorder [MDD] and/or posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD]) and participation restriction among Veterans with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).
Setting: Veterans Health Administration (VHA).
Participants: National sample of Veterans with mTBI who received VHA outpatient care between 2012 and 2020.
J Head Trauma Rehabil
January 2025
Author Affiliations: Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (Ms Sherman Rosa); Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (Mr Nadal); and Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (Dr Saadi).
Objective: This study assessed (1) the feasibility and usability of traumatic brain injury (TBI) assessment using the Ohio State University TBI Identification Method (OSU-TBI-ID) in a sample of English and Spanish-speaking refugees and asylum seekers (hereafter refugees), and (2) the prevalence and characteristics of TBI in this population.
Setting And Participants: Refugees seeking care from Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Asylum Clinic, the MGH Chelsea HealthCare Center, and other asylum programs in the Greater Boston Area.
Design And Main Measures: Bilingual clinical research coordinators screened 158 English and Spanish-speaking refugees using the OSU-TBI-ID.
J Head Trauma Rehabil
January 2025
Author Affiliations: Program Executive Office, Defense Healthcare Management Systems, Arlington, Virginia (Ms Wal and Dr Caban); National Center for Collaborative Healthcare Innovation (NCCHI), VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California (Mr Hoover); Department of Health Law, Policy and Management, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (Dr Adams); Veterans Health Administration Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, Aurora, Colorado (Drs Adams and Forster); Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado (Dr Forster); and Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Graduate School of Nursing, Bethesda, Maryland (Dr Engler).
Objective: To investigate the incidence of early/unplanned (E/U) separations following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and assess whether sex impacts the hazard of separation.
Setting: Military Health System (MHS).
Participants: Active duty service members (N = 75,730) with an initial mTBI diagnosis in military records between January 2011 and January 2018.
Appl Neuropsychol Child
January 2025
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, USA.
Chronic stage neuropsychological assessments of children with severe TBI typically center around a referral question and focus on assessing cognitive, behavioral, and emotional functioning, making differential diagnoses, and planning treatment. When severe TBI-related neurological deficits are subtle and fall outside commonly assessed behavioral indicators, as can happen with theory of mind and social information processing, they can go unobserved and subsequently fail to be assessed. Additionally, should chronic stage cognitive, behavioral, and emotional assessment findings fall within the average to above average range, a child experiencing ongoing significant unassessed severe TBI-related subtle deficits could be mistakenly judged to have "recovered" from their injury; and to be experiencing no significant ongoing residual neurological deficits.
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