Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the deadliest epithelial malignancies. Improvements in our understanding of PDAC carcinogenesis will hopefully improve its detection, management, and outcomes, as has been achieved with other malignancies. Here we review the literature on the natural history of PDAC, including its cell of origin, the initiating somatic mutational events, pathways deranged in the mature tumor, its biological heterogeneity, and the relationship of the primary tumor with metastases. We also suggest areas for further research and highlight translatable findings that are beginning to make clinical inroads.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trecan.2017.04.005 | DOI Listing |
Plants (Basel)
January 2025
Shapotou Desert Research and Experimental Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou 730000, China.
Turcz. is a winter annual species of the Asteraceae family, distributed in sandy areas of northern China, and is crucial for wind avoidance and sand fixation. To understand the inter- and intra-annual population dynamics of in its cold desert habitats, we conducted long- and short-term demographic studies to investigate the timing of germination, seedling survival, soil seed bank and seed longevity of natural populations on the fringe of the Tengger Desert.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlants (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki, Kita 761-0795, Kagawa, Japan.
Kunth is native to tropical America and has invaded tropical and subtropical Asia and numerous Pacific Islands. It forms dense thickets and reduces native species diversity and populations in its introduced range. This invasive vine also seriously impacts many agricultural crops and is listed as one of the world's 100 worst invasive alien species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe anthrax pathogen can remain dormant as spores in soil for many years. This applies to both natural foci and to sites of anthropogenic activity such as tanneries, abattoirs, or wool factories. The A.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPathogens
January 2025
Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA.
Phytoplasmas are a group of plant-pathogenic, cell-wall-less bacteria vectored primarily by leafhoppers (Hemiptera Cicadellidae), one of the most diverse families of insects. Despite the importance of documenting associations between phytoplasmas, their insect vectors, and plant hosts to prevent disease outbreaks, such knowledge is currently highly incomplete and largely neglects the diversity of the system in natural areas. Here, we used anchored hybrid enrichment (AHE) to recover the DNA of five plant genes (, , , , and ) in 58 phloem-feeding leafhoppers from around the world that had previously tested positive for phytoplasma infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Med
January 2025
Department of Neurology, University of Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
Repetitive intramuscular injections of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) have become the treatment of choice for a variety of disease entities. But with the onset of BoNT therapy, the natural course of a disease is obscured. Nevertheless, the present study tries to analyze patients' "suspected" course of disease severity under the assumption that no BoNT therapy had been performed and compares that with the "experienced" improvement during BoNT treatment.
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