Diabetes is a serious condition that is linked to the development of oxidative stress. In the context of enhancing the biodiversity of Tunisia's flora, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of Sargussum vulgare sulfated polysaccharide (SVSP) on hyperglycemia and diabetes complications in the alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Our results showed a disturbance of carbohydrate, lipid, hematological and histopathological parameters, an increase in the α-amylase enzyme activity and damage to the pancreatic, hepatic and renal tissues in rats rendered diabetic by alloxan. In contrast, treatment with SVSP resulted in a correction of fasting and postprandial blood glucose and HbA1c through inhibition of pancreatic α-amylase. We also noticed an improvement in hemogram parameters and an attenuation of the pancreatic oxidative stress markers as well as histological protections. On the other hand, the administration of SVSP to diabetic rats caused, besides the correction of glycemic and lipid parameters, a good defense against hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity of diabetes as well as good antioxidant status and histological protections.
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