Ultrafast photodissociation dynamics from the B(Σ) state of CS are studied by time-resolved photoelectron imaging using the fourth (4ω, 198 nm) and sixth (6ω, 133 nm) harmonics of a femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser. The B state of CS was prepared with the 4ω pulses, and subsequent dynamics were probed using the 6ω vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) pulses. The VUV pulses enabled real-time detection of S(D) photofragments, produced via CS(B(Σ)) → CS(X Σ) + S(D). The photoionization signal of dissociating CS(B(Σ)) molecules starts to decrease at about 100 fs, while the S(D) fragments appear with a finite (ca. 400 fs) delay time after the pump pulse. Also discussed is the configuration interaction of the B(Σ) state based on relative photoionization cross-sections to different cationic states.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4982219 | DOI Listing |
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr
January 2025
Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
Background: HIV continues to disproportionately impact men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States (US). Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is effective, but disparities persist. Limited studies have conducted systematic evaluations of social determinants of health (SDOH) and their effects on PrEP persistence among MSM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Med
January 2025
Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in medical question answering, with Med-PaLM being the first to exceed a 'passing' score in United States Medical Licensing Examination style questions. However, challenges remain in long-form medical question answering and handling real-world workflows. Here, we present Med-PaLM 2, which bridges these gaps with a combination of base LLM improvements, medical domain fine-tuning and new strategies for improving reasoning and grounding through ensemble refinement and chain of retrieval.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChildren (Basel)
November 2024
Health Policy, Abbott Nutrition Division of Abbott, 3300 Stelzer Road, Columbus, OH 43219, USA.
Nutrition is fundamental to a child's growth and development. However, nutritional health is often compromised by acute and chronic conditions and treatments that can commonly result in malnutrition. Malnutrition encompasses undernutrition and overnutrition and may be exacerbated by food insecurity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Allergy Clin Immunol Pract
December 2024
Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH; Division of Asthma Research, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH.
Background: Total serum immunoglobulin E (TsIgE) has not been examined in children with food allergy.
Objective: Evaluate associations of TsIgE with patient, household, environmental and community-level characteristics among children with food allergy.
Method: Linear mixed effect models of data from 398 Black and/or African American (B/AA) and White and/or European American (W/EA) children with allergist-diagnosed food allergy from the multi-center, observational cohort FORWARD; TsIgE in kU/L was the primary outcome measure.
Objective: With the increased use of computer-based tests in clinical and research settings, assessing retest reliability and reliable change of NIH Toolbox-Cognition Battery (NIHTB-CB) and Cogstate Brief Battery (Cogstate) is essential. Previous studies used mostly White samples, but Black/African Americans (B/AAs) must be included in this research to ensure reliability.
Method: Participants were B/AA consensus-confirmed healthy controls (HCs) (n = 49) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (n = 34) adults 60-85 years that completed NIHTB-CB and Cogstate for laptop at two timepoints within 4 months.
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