A multiple probe design across skills was used to examine the effects of behaviour skills training (BST) on teaching four reading comprehension skills (predicting, questioning, clarifying, and summarizing) to a 7th grade student with autism. Following baseline, the student received 12 sessions of BST during which each skill was taught to criterion. At each session, data was also collected on the accuracy of oral responses to 10 comprehension questions. BST was associated with clear gains in the participant's performance on each comprehension skill, along with concomitant gains in reading comprehension both on the daily probes and a standardized measure. Skills maintained at follow-up support the conclusion that BST was effective in improving the comprehension skills of a child with autism.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3229-7 | DOI Listing |
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Background: The National Institutes of Health Toolbox for Assessment of Neurological and Behavioral Function (NIHTB) was developed to address the need for a brief yet comprehensive instrument to facilitate more uniform assessment in large-scale research studies. Here, we investigated whether the cognitive measures of the NIHTB detect cognitive decline in biomarker-confirmed Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Method: We used data from N = 178 participants (age 76.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Memory & Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California in San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Background: Recent international work suggests that more precise subtyping within frontotemporal dementia (FTD) syndromes leads to better prediction of pathology, supporting individualized disease-specific treatments. Recent studies emphasize that identification of one such subtype, semantic behavioral variant FTD (sbvFTD), relies in part on measuring emotion recognition abilities.
Method: In order to evaluate the effectiveness of current tools, we compared the brief video-based Dynamic Affect Recognition Test (DART) against the TASIT Emotion Evaluation (EET) and Comprehensive Affect Testing System Affect Matching tests.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), University of New South Wales, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Background: Social cognition is crucial to optimal social functioning outcomes in older adults, with implications for overall health and wellbeing. Moreover, poor social cognition is a diagnostic criterion for neurocognitive disorders (NCDs). Prior work has studied the social cognitive subdomains (theory of mind (ToM), affective empathy, emotion recognition, and social behaviour) and found mild cognitive impairment and dementia to be associated with poorer performance in specific tasks and informant-reported changes respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Background: Despite the prevalent belief that socioemotional processing remains mostly intact in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD), impaired Theory of Mind - the ability to understand and interpret others' thoughts, beliefs, and feelings - has been observed in persons with AD. During everyday conversations, the high cognitive loading of socioemotional interactions may adversely impact the ability of persons with AD to identify emotions and read others' intentions. This study aimed to investigate socioemotional perception capabilities in early-stage AD and to determine whether cerebellar and cerebral integrity predicts performance on socioemotional perception tests.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Background: Refractive errors are common visual comorbidities among the elderly. Cognitive dysfunction also occurs in this population. A study by Ong et al (2013) demonstrated an association of refractive errors with poor cognitive performance.
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