AI Article Synopsis
- Central nervous system (CNS) leukemia is common in pediatric acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) and can lead to neurological symptoms, but it's rarely linked to central hypothyroidism.
- A 2-year-old girl with AML showed signs of CNS infiltration and laboratory tests indicated central hypothyroidism, with normal brain imaging results.
- Treatment with levothyroxine improved thyroid hormone levels temporarily but decreased again following a relapse of CNS leukemia; however, hormone levels normalized after the leukemia went into remission.
Article Abstract
Rationale: Central nervous system (CNS) leukemia is a frequent diagnosis in pediatric acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) and includes neural symptoms. However, CNS leukemia is rarely associated with central hypsothyroidism.
Patient Concerns And Diagnoses: A 2-year-old female with AML with MLL rearrangement presented with CNS infiltration. Laboratory tests suggested the presence of central hypothyroidism (thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH]: 0.48 mIU/ml, normal range 0.7-6.4 mIU/ml; serum free thyroxine [FT4]: 0.62 ng/dl, normal range 0.8-2.2 ng/dl; free triiodothyronine: 1.57 pg/ml, normal range 2.7-5.6 pg/ml). Magnetic resonance imaging detected no lesions in the hypothalamus, pituitary, or thyroid.
Interventions And Outcomes: Levothyroxine (2.5 mg/kg/day) was administered together with chemotherapy and intrathecal injection of methotrexate, cytarabine, and hydrocortisone into the cerebrospinal fluid. The FT4 concentration increased after levothyroxine treatment, but later decreased after relapse of CNS leukemia. The TSH concentrations remained low. After remission of CNS leukemia, the TSH and FT4 concentrations quickly recovered to their normal ranges.
Lessons: We believe that the CNS leukemia directly affected TSH and thyroid hormone secretion in our patient.
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|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5500067 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000007329 | DOI Listing |
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