China ratified the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights in 2001. It thus bears obligations under Article 12 of the covenant to take appropriate measures at the domestic level to realize the right to health in China. Accountability is an important component of the right to health. This article examines whether the Western concept of accountability, recently imported into China, has the potential to improve the protection of the right to health within China's existing political, legal, and cultural framework. In so doing, it reviews current Chinese institutional mechanisms and considers the use of less formal mechanisms by which duty-bearers might be held accountable in China. More specifically, this article provides an overview of a range of health-related accountability mechanisms, including judicial, political, administrative, professional, and social accountability arrangements. It concludes that although there is the basis of an accountability framework for the right to health in China, the effective operation of accountability mechanisms is hindered by longstanding cultural and political barriers.
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J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A
January 2025
Department of General Surgery, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.
The incidence of multiple magnetic foreign body (MMFB) ingestion in children is rising, which poses a serious risk for gastrointestinal tract injury. In the current study, the clinical characteristics were analyzed to enhance awareness among parents and caregivers, treatment experiences were summarized and discussed, and optimal treatment plans were identified. A retrospective analysis was performed on 130 pediatric patients with MMFB ingestion at the Children's Hospital Affiliated with Zhejiang University School of Medicine, between June 2016 and June 2023.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTissue Eng Part B Rev
January 2025
Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science & Technology, Shanghai, China.
Synthetic bone transplantation has emerged in recent years as a highly promising strategy to address the major clinical challenge of bone tissue defects. In this field, bioactive glasses (BGs) have been widely recognized as a viable alternative to traditional bone substitutes due to their unique advantages, including favorable biocompatibility, pronounced bioactivity, excellent biodegradability, and superior osseointegration properties. This article begins with a comprehensive overview of the development and success of BGs in bone tissue engineering, and then focuses on their composite reinforcement systems with biodegradable metals, calcium-phosphorus (Ca-P)-based bioceramics, and biodegradable medical polymers, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA Pediatr
January 2025
Division of Translational Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
Importance: Previous meta-analyses suggest that fluoride exposure is adversely associated with children's IQ scores. An individual's total fluoride exposure comes primarily from fluoride in drinking water, food, and beverages.
Objective: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies investigating children's IQ scores and prenatal or postnatal fluoride exposure.
J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A
January 2025
Department of General Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.
Surgery for choledochal cysts (CDC) in children younger than 6 months is relatively rare. We report our experience and compare the results between Da Vinci robot-assisted hepaticojejunostomy (RAHJ) and laparoscopic-assisted hepaticojejunostomy (LAHJ) in children younger than 6 months to treat CDC. A retrospective study was conducted on all children under 6 months of age who underwent RAHJ or LAHJ at the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, from July 2018 to November 2023.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHepatol Commun
November 2024
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine in Liver Injury and Repair, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China.
Background: Overdose of acetaminophen (APAP), a commonly used antipyretic analgesic, can lead to severe liver injury and failure. Current treatments are only effective in the early stages of APAP-induced acute liver injury (ALI). Therefore, a detailed examination of the mechanisms involved in liver repair following APAP-induced ALI could provide valuable insights for clinical interventions.
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