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Mortality and Function After Hip Fracture or Pneumonia in People With and Without Dementia.
J Am Geriatr Soc
January 2025
Division of Geriatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Background: The extent to which disruptive surgical or medical events impact mortality and function is critical for anticipatory planning and informing goal-aligned care.
Methods: Using Health and Retirement Study data (2008-2018), we employed propensity score matching to compare the impact of hospitalization for hip fracture (a surgical event) or pneumonia (a medical event) among people with dementia to two groups: (1) people with dementia who did not experience these events; and (2) people without dementia who experienced an event. Dementia status was determined using validated cognitive assessments (Hurd method); hip fracture and pneumonia were identified from Medicare claims.
Lateral Carrier Diffusion in Ion-Implanted Ultra-Small Blue III-Nitride MicroLEDs.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
Institute of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 01-142, Poland.
Ultrasmall micro-light-emitting diodes (μLEDs), sized below 10 μm, are indispensable to create the next-generation augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR) devices. Their high brightness and low power consumption could not only enhance the user experience by providing vivid and lifelike visuals but also extend device longevity. However, a notable challenge emerges: a decrease in efficiency with a reduced size.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOptimal sandwich panel's core design for an enhanced impact resistance.
Heliyon
January 2025
Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, American University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 26666, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
Despite the extensive literature revealing various core structures that can enhance the impact resistance of composite panels, a comparative study illustrating the difference in performance of the various cores under same loading conditions is missing. The aim of this study is to determine the optimal core structure and design in terms of energy absorption under low-velocity impact using both numerical simulations and experimental testing for validation. Response surface analysis was used to design the experiments and analyse the panel's behaviour.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Impact of Temperature on Extracting Information From Clinical Trial Publications Using Large Language Models.
Cureus
December 2024
Department of Radiation Oncology, Cantonal Hospital Winterthur, Winterthur, CHE.
Introduction The application of natural language processing (NLP) for extracting data from biomedical research has gained momentum with the advent of large language models (LLMs). However, the effect of different LLM parameters, such as temperature settings, on biomedical text mining remains underexplored and a consensus on what settings can be considered "safe" is missing. This study evaluates the impact of temperature settings on LLM performance for a named entity recognition and a classification task in clinical trial publications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrop-on-demand printing of amine-responsive fluorescence-ratiometric sensor array for online monitoring meat freshness.
Food Chem X
January 2025
College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
Aiming to enable online freshness-monitoring of meat within modified-atmosphere package, we developed a ratiometric array that was fluorescently responsive to volatile organic compounds-ammonia (NH) released by protein decaying. The array was consisted of two 3 mm × 6 mm rectangles precisely and uniformly printed with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) as indicator and rhodamine B (RhB) as internal reference on the filter-paper, respectively. The fluorescence intensity of the array area was calibrated according to Green/Red ratio of the digitalized pixels extracted from images facilitated by a smartphone.
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