Prevalence of Depression among School-going Adolescents in an Urban Area of Bihar, India.

Introduction: Depression is one of the under-recognized health problems in adolescents. Emotional instability resulted from childhood to adulthood transition makes adolescents vulnerable to depression.

Aims: The aim of the study was to explore the prevalence of depression and its associated sociodemographic factors among school-going adolescents.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study was undertaken from January 2016 to June 2016 in adolescents studying in 9-12 standard from forty schools located in an urban area of Patna, Bihar. The self-administered questionnaire of Beck's Depression Inventory II was utilized to assess the prevalence of depression. Statistical analysis was done with Pearson's Chi-square test using SPSS software version 21.0.

Results: Among the 1412 selected students, the prevalence of depression was found to be 49.2%, wherein the prevalence of severe depression was 7.7%. The overall prevalence of depression was significantly ( < 0.001) higher among girls (55.1%) than boys (45.8%). The prevalence of depression was found to be higher among students belonging to minorities (Buddhism, Jainism, etc.) (63.3%, < 0.001). Elder students were found to be more depressed than younger students. Depression was found to be statistically significantly associated with gender and religion ( < 0.005). Guilty feeling (69.48%) was one of the most prominent clinical factors associated with depression followed by pessimism (58.14%), sadness (56.52%), and past failure (55.81%).

Conclusions: Mental health is one of the most neglected aspects of our society. There is a need to increase awareness about depression among teachers and parents to identify and help depressed adolescents in the school.