Biologicals are a rapidly expanding class of medications used in the treatment of many different conditions. This article reviews the common characteristics of this class and the requirements for safe and effective use in patients. Several vignettes are included to illustrate common challenges.
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Roadmap for the Development and Implementation of Entrustable Professional Activities to Enable Effective Clinical Training.
Contemp Clin Dent
December 2024
Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Sawangi (M), Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
In the field of clinical training, entrustable professional activities (EPAs) generally deal with those activities that health-care professionals will be encountering in their routine practice, and thus exposure to these activities prepares them for their future clinical practice. Workplace-based assessment tools have been used to assess the progress of medical students across these defined EPAs. The act of development of EPAs essentially requires the adoption of a systematic process to identify and define the core tasks and responsibilities that medical students must be able to perform independently in a specific specialty.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGeneral Surgery Residents Competence and Autonomy in Core Vascular Surgery Procedures.
J Surg Educ
January 2025
Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin.
Objective: As vascular surgery has become increasingly sub-specialized, the scope of vascular care that general surgeons can be trained to provide has come into question. Thus, we sought to understand the competence and autonomy of general surgery residents (GSR) in core vascular surgery procedures.
Design: Three core operations in vascular surgery were identified: lower extremity (LE) amputations, arteriovenous fistula (AVF) creation, and LE embolectomy and thrombectomy (thromboembolectomy).
Barriers and challenges of establishing family physician policy for urban population; evidence from a qualitative study in Iran.
J Prev Med Hyg
September 2024
School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
Background: Family physicians play a crucial role in healthcare delivery systems worldwide. In Iran, the family physician program has been introduced in only two provinces, with its expansion to other regions currently stalled due to various challenges. This study aims to identify the barriers and challenges hindering the effective implementation of the family physician program in urban areas of Iran.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSimulating success: Applying EPA assessments to simulation in surgical education.
Surgery
January 2025
Department of Surgery, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL. Electronic address:
Entrustable professional activities are a competency-based evaluation framework which was deployed by the American Board of Surgery in 2023 to evaluate general surgical residents and provide a path to independent practice. Entrustable professional activity microassessments are based on 18 conditions which are core to being a practicing general surgeon, and most include multiple phases of care, such as preoperative care, intraoperative care, and postoperative care. These evaluations are an amalgam of all the clinical competencies, including medical knowledge and patient care skills.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe ultrasound competency assessment tool for evaluation of early pregnancy with POCUS.
CJEM
January 2025
Department of Emergency Medicine and Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Objectives: POCUS is a core emergency medicine skill and mainstay of early pregnancy assessment. The ultrasound competency assessment tool was developed as an entrustment-based assessment tool for use by content experts evaluating trainees performing multiple POCUS study types. The objective of this study was to evaluate the scoring and extrapolation inferences of the tool within Kane's validity framework when used to assess trainees performing an early pregnancy POCUS.
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