Despite the vast array of techniques available to modern-day chemists, structural misassignments still occur. These misassignments are often only realized upon attempted synthesis, when the spectra of synthesized products do not match previously reported spectra. This was the case with marine natural product cereoanhydride. The originally proposed 7-membered ring anhydride () was shown to be incorrect, although a likely precursor to the correct structure () in both its laboratory synthesis and biosynthesis. Herein, in addition to showing how NMR computations could have been used to arrive at the correct structure, we show that the conversion of to is indeed energetically viable, and we highlight complications in predicting NMR chemical shifts for molecules with acidic protons.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md15060171 | DOI Listing |
Biochem Pharmacol
January 2025
Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India. Electronic address:
Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) is the most common type of secondary osteoporosis, marked by reduced bone density and impaired osteoblast function. Current treatments have serious side effects, highlighting the need for new drug candidates. Pyrimidine derivatives have been noted for their potential in suppressing osteoclastogenesis, but their effects on osteogenesis and GIOP remain underexplored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Trop
January 2025
Colección Nacional de Insectos, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico. Electronic address:
Nearly 32% of sand fly species recorded in Mexico are related to Leishmania transmission. A correct morphological identification of sand flies is essential to improve epidemiological and control strategies. Wing geometric morphometrics (GM) has proven to be a complementary tool for classical taxonomy, allowing us to explore variations in structure and shape between species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Pathol Lab Med
January 2025
the Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (Nayar).
Context.—: All member boards of the American Board of Medical Specialties have continuing certification (ie, maintenance of certification) programs. The efficacy of these programs has been questioned and, therefore, warrants study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Total Environ
January 2025
Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada. Electronic address:
Mercury (Hg) and persistent organic pollutant (POP) accumulation among species and biomagnification through food webs is typically assessed using stable isotopes of nitrogen (δN) and carbon (δC) in bulk (whole) tissues. Yet, bulk isotopic approaches have limitations, notably from the potential overlap of isotope values from different dietary sources and from spatial variation in source (baseline) signals. Here, we explore the potential of fatty acid carbon isotopes (FA δC) to (1) evaluate the trophic structure of a marine food web, (2) distinguish feeding patterns among four marine mammal consumers, (3) trace contaminant biomagnification through a food web, and (4) explain interspecific variation in contaminants among high-trophic position predators.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
This paper introduces a novel method for spleen segmentation in ultrasound images, using a two-phase training approach. In the first phase, the SegFormerB0 network is trained to provide an initial segmentation. In the second phase, the network is further refined using the Pix2Pix structure, which enhances attention to details and corrects any erroneous or additional segments in the output.
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