Introduction: The use of in vitro methods for the control of cosmetic products in developing countries must overcome cost, feasibility and an unfavourable regulatory environment. Among these products, shampoos occupy an important part of the market but present a number of risks related to their use like eye irritation. The aim of this work is to propose the HET-CAM test as a method of screening the risk of eye irritation of shampoos, adapting it to the technical and regulatory conditions of a developing country such as Algeria.
Material And Method: 6 locally produced shampoos (4 adults and 2 for babies) were tested at 100%, 50%, 25%, 10%, 5%, 2.5% and 1.5%.
Results And Discussion: The use of a 10% dilution classifies the baby and adult shampoos in two different categories of irritation. A benchmark approach can be applied using this concentration to evaluate the ocular irritative risk of adult and baby shampoos in developing countries.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tiv.2017.05.024 | DOI Listing |
Int Breastfeed J
December 2024
Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda (Punjab), Bathinda, 151001, India.
Background: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is defined as feeding infants only breast milk of the mother or a wet nurse for the first six months, without additional food or liquids except the oral rehydration solution or drops/syrups of vitamins, minerals or medicines. The working status of women in developed countries adversely affects the EBF rates, which calls for an assessment in rapidly developing countries like India. Therefore, the primary aim of the present study is to determine the prevalence of EBF using the data from the National Family Health Surveys (NFHS 3, 4, 5) conducted between 2005 and 06, 2015-16 and 2019-21 to estimate the likelihood EBF according to mothers' employment status.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Glob Health
December 2024
Division of Water and Health, Ethiopian Institute of Water Resources, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Background: In developing countries, due to improper management of domestic animals' exposures, under-five (U5) children have been affected by diarrhoea. However, there is no evidence that shows the presence of diarrhoea-causing pathogens in the faeces of U5 children and animals residing in the same houses in the Sidama region, Ethiopia.
Methods: A laboratory-based matched case-control study was conducted on children aged 6-48 months in the Sidama region of Ethiopia from February to June 2023.
BMJ Glob Health
December 2024
Department of Immunization, Vaccines, and Biologicals, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Introduction: Home-based records (HBRs) are widely used for recording health information including child immunisations. We studied levels and inequalities in HBR ownership in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) using data from national surveys conducted since 2010.
Methods: We used data from national household surveys (Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS)) from 82 LMICs.
World Neurosurg
December 2024
The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA. Electronic address:
World Neurosurg
December 2024
Hispanic Leadership and Development Fellow at the National Hispanic Medical Association, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
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