Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the detailed anatomy of the femoral anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) insertion site, with special attention given to the morphology of the mid-substance insertion areas and the fan-like extension fibers.
Methods: Twenty-three non-paired human cadaver knees were used (7 Males, 16 Females, median age 83, range 69-96). All soft tissues around the knee were resected except the ligaments. The ACL was divided into antero-medial (AM) and postero-lateral (PL) bundles according to the difference in macroscopic tension patterns. The ACL was carefully dissected and two outlines were made of the periphery of each bundle insertion site: those which included and those which excluded the fan-like extension fibers. An accurate lateral view of the femoral condyle was photographed with a digital camera, and the images were downloaded to a personal computer. The area of each bundle, including and excluding the fan-like extension fibers, was measured with Image J software (National Institution of Health). The width and length of the mid-substance insertion sites were also evaluated using same image.
Results: The femoral ACL footprint was divided into four regions (mid-substance insertion sites of the AM and PL bundles, and fan-like extensions of the AM and PL bundles). The measured areas of the mid-substance insertion sites of the AM and PL bundles were 35.5 ± 12.5, and 32.4 ± 13.8 mm, respectively. Whole width and length of the mid-substance insertion sites were 5.3 ± 1.4, and 15.5 ± 2.9 mm, respectively. The measured areas of the fan-like extensions of the AM and PL bundles were 27 ± 11.5, and 29.5 ± 12.4 mm, respectively.
Conclusion: The femoral ACL footprint was divided into quarters of approximately equal size (mid-substance insertion sites of the AM and PL bundles, and fan-like extensions of the AM and PL bundles). For clinical relevance, to perform highly reproducible anatomical ACL reconstruction, the presence of the fan-like extension fibers should be taken into consideration.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00402-017-2726-7 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
The human patellar tendon is mechanically homogenous at its mid-substance.
J Mech Behav Biomed Mater
December 2024
Department of Technical Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
The human patellar tendon contains distinct fascicle bundles across its mediolateral and anteroposterior regions. Studies have suggested region-specific behaviour during in vivo actions, but it is unclear whether such regional differences result from localized variation in composition and mechanical properties within the tendon itself. Furthermore, the viscoelastic properties of any region of the human patellar tendon have not been well described previously.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnkle syndesmotic ligaments avulsion fractures: incidence in adult population.
J Orthop Surg Res
October 2024
Department of Orthopaedics, Qidong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226200, China.
Article Synopsis
- Distal tibiofibular syndesmosis injuries commonly accompany ankle fractures in adults, often leading to specific avulsions named Tillaux, Wagstaffe, and Volkmann, with one being undefined.
- A study analyzed imaging data from 1,770 ankle fracture patients to assess the incidence of these avulsion fractures over a 12-year period.
- Results showed a total avulsion incidence of 26.3%, with the highest frequency being Volkmann fractures at 19.9%, followed by Tillaux (5.3%) and Wagstaffe (3.3%), while fibular avulsion of the PITFL was reported for the first time at 0.5%.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features of Anterolateral Ligament in Young Adults without Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: Preliminary Evaluation.
Diagnostics (Basel)
June 2024
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul 05030, Republic of Korea.
Article Synopsis
- This study investigated the MRI visibility and characteristics of the Anterolateral Ligament (ALL) in young adults who do not have Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injuries, using scans from 66 individuals.
- The visibility of the ALL was assessed based on its continuity and thickness compared to the Meniscotibial Ligament (MTL), with findings showing a significant majority of knees exhibited either normal or probably normal features.
- High inter-observer and intra-observer agreement rates indicated reliable assessment by radiologists, with most visible ALLs having anterior or central proximal attachments relative to the Fibular Collateral Ligament (FCL).
Directly measured strain patterns of the anterior talofibular and calcaneofibular ligaments after isolated ATFL repair in a combined ATFL and CFL injury: A cadaver study.
J Orthop Sci
June 2024
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the strain patterns of repaired anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) and calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) in cadaver models following an isolated ATFL repair for chronic lateral ankle instability.
- Using a specialized probe system, the researchers measured strain directly in the ligaments during various movements to assess their performance.
- Results indicated that while the repaired CFL did not perfectly match normal strain patterns, it still demonstrated some tension similar to normal conditions, suggesting partial functionality post-repair.
Evaluation of the Angle Between the Long Axis of the Femoral Anterior Cruciate Ligament Footprint and Bony Morphology of the Knee: A Cadaveric Descriptive Study.
Indian J Orthop
May 2024
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nihon University Itabashi Hospital, 30-1, Oyaguchi Kamicho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Purpose: There have been numerous studies of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) anatomy, but few have focused on the long axis angle of the femoral ACL footprint. This study investigated the angle between the long axis of the femoral ACL footprint and the bony morphology of the knee.
Methods: This study is a cadaveric descriptive study.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!