Actuarial scales like the Static-99R are widely used to predict an individual's risk of sexual recidivism. However, current actuarial scales only provide rates of detected sex offenses over 10-year follow-up and do not account for all recidivism risk factors. Therefore, some forensic evaluators extrapolate, adjust, or override recidivism rates derived from actuarial scales to predict the lifetime risk of committed offenses that accounts for external risk factors, those not addressed by the actuarial scales. However, critics contend that altering rates from actuarial scales degrades their predictive validity. This article makes the case for extrapolating risk for time of exposure and for evidence-based external risk factors. It proposes using odds ratios (ORs) from case-control studies to adjust predictions from follow-up cohort studies. Finally, it shows how evaluators can apply ORs and their margins of error to sex offender risk assessment.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624X17711880 | DOI Listing |
J Law Med
November 2024
Associate Professor, La Trobe Law School, La Trobe University.
Risk assessment is an important component of judicial decision-making in many areas of the law. In Australia, those convicted of terrorist offences may be the subject of continued detention in prison or extended supervision in the community if there is an "unacceptable risk" of them committing future terrorism offences. Forensic psychologists and psychiatrists may provide evidence of risk through identifying and measuring risk factors with the aid of tools that use scales based on statistical or actuarial risk prediction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRep Pract Oncol Radiother
December 2024
Brachytherapy Department, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland.
BMC Public Health
December 2024
Social Statistics Division, Census and Statistics Department of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Wanchai Tower, 12 Harbour Road, Wan Chai, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
Background: Many countries have developed their country/nation-wide multidimensional area-based index on deprivation or socioeconomic status for resource allocation, service planning and research. However, whether each geographical unit proxied by a single index is sufficiently small to contain a relatively homogeneous population remains questionable. Globally, this is the first study that presents the distribution of domestic households by the territory-wide economic status index decile groups within each of the 2,252 small subunit groups (SSUGs) throughout Hong Kong, with a median study population of 1,300 and a median area of 42,400 m.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn N Y Acad Sci
November 2024
Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
This study provides a comprehensive review of the literature on climate risk insurance modeling to identify lessons learned and knowledge gaps to be addressed by future research. These models are increasingly relevant due to the rising losses attributable to climate change. Insurance models estimate risk for different perils and simulate risk-related parameters for insurance schemes, such as premiums and deductibles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!