AI Article Synopsis
- Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is often spread through breastfeeding and can lead to serious diseases in about 10% of those infected, such as HAM/TSP and ATL.
- A study reviewed 27 cases of HAM/TSP and 31 cases of ATL in young patients, finding that breastfeeding was the most common transmission route.
- There is a significant need for screening HTLV-1 in pregnant women in regions where the virus is common to improve public health outcomes.
Article Abstract
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is endemic in some regions and its vertical transmission occurs mainly through breastfeeding. About 10% of carriers develop associated diseases including HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and infectious dermatitis associated with HTLV-1 (IDH). We searched for available case reports of early-onset HAM/TSP and ATL to evaluate demographic and disease aspects in infantile-juvenile patients. In the reviewed literature, 27 HAM/TSP and 31 ATL cases were found. In almost all of them, the most likely route of transmission was through breastfeeding. ATL is rarely reported, notwithstanding it may be underestimated because T-cell lymphomas are not investigated for HTLV-1 infection in this age group. IDH was frequently associated with HAM/TSP. The investigation of HTLV-1 infection in pregnant women is an important matter of public health and should be mandatory in endemic countries.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tropej/fmx039 | DOI Listing |
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