In child sexual abuse investigations, forensic interviewers within the Child Advocacy Center (CAC) model serve as neutral fact-finders for a team of professionals tasked with investigating and intervening in cases of alleged child sexual abuse. Although empirical evidence has led to the development of best-practice techniques and protocols, there is currently no universally adopted protocol in the field. The present research gathered detailed information from a national sample of real-world child forensic interviewers about their training and current practices, with a specific focus on assessing the information interviewers typically review prior to conducting child forensic interviews. Most notably, the survey revealed a lack of uniformity in interviewing protocols adopted and pre-interview preparation practices. Although rare, some interviewers reported using an allegation-blind interviewing approach, highlighting the need for future research on this and other under-studied techniques. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bsl.2290 | DOI Listing |
Blood
January 2025
Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, United States.
Globally, an estimated 300 million individuals have sickle cell trait (SCT), the carrier state for sickle cell disease. While sickle cell disease (SCD) is associated with increased morbidity and shortened lifespan, SCT has a lifespan comparable to that of the general population. However, "sickle cell crisis" has been used as a cause of death for decedents with SCT in reports of exertion-related death in athletes, military personnel, and individuals in police custody.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSchizophr Bull Open
January 2025
NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
There is a pressing need for biomarkers of violent behavior risk in psychosis. Previous research indicates that electrophysiological measures of automatic defensive reactions may have potential. The purpose of this study was to investigate associations between violent behavior in individuals with and without psychosis and electromyography (EMG) and electroencephalography (EEG) responses to startling auditory stimuli.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPsychiatr Psychol Law
January 2024
Adiyaman Branch Office, The Council of Forensic Medicine, Adiyaman, Turkey.
It is accepted all over the world that children whose biological, psychological, cognitive, moral and social development processes are ongoing and whose value judgments are not sufficiently developed should not be punished or that punishment reductions should be applied. This study retrospectively analyzed the variables in a Turkish sample of 315 cases in which the criminal responsibility of children (83.5% boys and 16.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Public Health
January 2025
Sefako Makgatho University, Ground Floor, Clin Path Building, Room No. 37. Garankuwa, Pretoria, South Africa.
Background: Femicides, defined as the gender-based killing of women, are a pressing public health issue worldwide, with South Africa experiencing some of the highest rates globally. This study focuses on the North-west region of Tshwane, particularly the Garankuwa area, aiming to address gaps in understanding the epidemiology, demographics, circumstances, and pathology associated with femicides. The Garankuwa mortuary serves as the primary site for this investigation, providing a detailed analysis over a ten-year period, shedding light on contributing risk factors in the context of systemic gender inequality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCommun Biol
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
Aberrant autophagy in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is associated with the progression of vascular remodeling diseases caused by neointimal hyperplasia. Platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB)-induced vascular remodeling is accompanied by autophagy activation, however, the involvement of circular RNAs (circRNAs) remains unclear. Here, we show the role of PDGF-BB-regulated hsa_circ_0001304 (circ-1304) in neointimal hyperplasia and its potential involvement in VSMC autophagy, while also elucidating the potential mechanisms.
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