This work quantified differences between recommendations of the TG-51 and TG-51 addendum reference dosimetry protocols. Reference dosimetry was performed for flattened photon beams with nominal energies of 6, 10, 15, and 23 MV, as well as flattening-filter free (FFF) beam energies of 6 and 10 MV, following the recommendations of both the TG-51 and TG-51 addendum protocols using both a Farmer ionization chamber and a scanning ionization chamber with calibration coefficients traceable to absorbed dose-to-water (D ) standards. Differences in D determined by the two protocols were 0.1%-0.3% for beam energies with a flattening filter, and up to 0.2% and 0.8% for FFF beams measured with the scanning and Farmer ionization chambers, respectively, due to k determination, volume-averaging correction, and collimator jaw setting. Combined uncertainty was between 0.91% and 1.2% (k = 1), varying by protocol and detector.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/acm2.12110 | DOI Listing |
Med Phys
September 2024
Département de radio-oncologie, CIUSSS de l'Est-de-l'Île-de-Montréal - Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
An Addendum to the AAPM's TG-51 protocol for the determination of absorbed dose to water is presented for electron beams with energies between 4 MeV and 22 MeV ( ). This updated formalism allows simplified calibration procedures, including the use of calibrated cylindrical ionization chambers in all electron beams without the use of a gradient correction. New data are provided for electron beams based on Monte Carlo simulations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed Phys
June 2024
Department of Radiation Medicine, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Background: The newly available ZAP-X stereotactic radiosurgical system is designed for the treatment of intracranial lesions, with several unique features that include a self-shielding, gyroscopic gantry, wheel collimation, non-orthogonal kV imaging, short source-axis distance, and low-energy megavoltage beam. Systematic characterization of its radiation as well as other properties is imperative to ensure its safe and effective clinical application.
Purpose: To accurately determine the radiation output of the ZAP-X with a special focus on the smaller diameter cones and an aim to provide useful recommendations on quantification of small field dosimetry.
Med Phys
August 2024
Carleton Laboratory for Radiotherapy Physics, Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada.
Background: Water phantoms are required to perform reference dosimetry and beam quality measurements but there are no published studies about the size requirements for such phantoms.
Purpose: To investigate, using Monte Carlo techniques, the size requirements for water phantoms used in reference dosimetry and/or to measure the beam quality specifiers and .
Methods: The EGSnrc application DOSXYZnrc is used to calculate , the dose per incident fluence at 10 cm depth in a water phantom irradiated by incident beams of or 6 MV photons.
J Appl Clin Med Phys
July 2024
Department of Radiation Oncology, William Beaumont University Hospital, Corewell Health, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA.
Purpose: The accuracy of dose delivery to all patients treated with medical linacs depends on the accuracy of beam calibration. Dose delivery cannot be any more accurate than this. Given the importance of this, it seems worthwhile taking another look at the expected uncertainty in TG-51 photon dose calibration and a first look at electron calibration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
March 2024
Institute of Applied Sciences, Research & Development Cell, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
The best biocontroller Bacillus subtilis produced silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with a spherical form and a 62 nm size through green synthesis. Using UV-vis spectroscopy, PSA, and zeta potential analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, the properties of synthesized silver nanoparticles were determined. Silver nanoparticles were tested for their antifungicidal efficacy against the most virulent isolate of the Aspergillus flavus fungus, JAM-JKB-BHA-GG20, and among the 10 different treatments, the treatment T6 [PDA + 1 ml of NP (19: 1)] + Pathogen was shown to be extremely significant (82.
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