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The role of mobile DNA elements in the dynamic of plants genome plasticity.
J Exp Bot
January 2025
School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Plants host a range of DNA elements capable of self-replication. These molecules, usually associated to the activity of transposable elements or viruses, are found integrated in the genome or in the form of extrachromosomal DNA. The activity of these elements can impact genome plasticity by a variety of mechanisms, including the generation of structural variants, the shuffling of regulatory or coding DNA sequences across the genome, and DNA endoduplication.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparative Analysis of Active LTR Retrotransposons in Sunflower ( L.): From Extrachromosomal Circular DNA Detection to Protein Structure Prediction.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Timiryazevskaya Str. 42, 127550 Moscow, Russia.
Plant genomes possess numerous transposable element (TE) insertions that have occurred during evolution. Most TEs are silenced or diverged; therefore, they lose their ability to encode proteins and are transposed in the genome. Knowledge of active plant TEs and TE-encoded proteins essential for transposition and evasion of plant cell transposon silencing mechanisms remains limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenes encoding antibiotic modifying enzymes conferring resistance against aminoglycosides in bacteria: Their identification and detection from wastewater.
Gene
March 2025
Biotechnology Division, Defence Research & Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior-474002, MP, India. Electronic address:
Global reporting of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) bearing antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have increased in the past decade. Sewage systems act as breeding grounds for these pathogens. Dumping of untreated sewage effluent in river water systems have aided in their dissemination and spread.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChromosome hitchhiking: a potential strategy adopted by the selfish yeast plasmids to ensure symmetric inheritance during cell division.
Biochem Soc Trans
December 2024
Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India.
The 2-micron plasmid residing within the host budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae nucleus serves as a model system for understanding the mechanism of segregation and stable maintenance of circular endogenously present extrachromosomal DNA in eukaryotic cells. The plasmid is maintained at a high average copy number (40-60 copies per yeast cell) through generations despite there is no apparent benefit to the host. Notably, the segregation mechanism of 2-micron plasmid shares significant similarities with those of bacterial low-copy-number plasmids and episomal forms of viral genomes in mammalian cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntegrating Circle-Seq with transcriptomics reveals genome-wide characterization of extrachromosomal circular DNA for dilated cardiomyopathy.
Biol Direct
November 2024
Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200001, China.
Article Synopsis
- The study focused on extrachromosomal circular DNAs (eccDNAs) in human heart failure, particularly due to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), revealing their significance in heart disease.
- Researchers used advanced methods like Circle-Seq and RNA-Seq to identify and analyze eccDNAs in heart tissues from DCM patients compared to healthy controls.
- Findings showed that eccDNAs are derived from all chromosomes, often contain genes or gene fragments, and can influence gene expression in heart cells, potentially impacting the progression of heart failure.
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