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high-content screening reveals miR-429 as a protective molecule in photoreceptor degeneration.
Mol Ther Nucleic Acids
March 2025
Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy.
Inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) are clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders characterized by progressive photoreceptor degeneration and irreversible vision loss. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of endogenous non-coding RNAs with post-transcriptional regulatory properties, are known to play a major role in retinal function, both in physiological and pathological conditions. Given their ability to simultaneously modulate multiple molecular pathways, miRNAs represent promising therapeutic tools for disorders with high genetic heterogeneity, such as IRDs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopmental basis of natural tooth shape variation in cichlid fishes.
Naturwissenschaften
January 2025
Institute of Bioengineering and Biosciences, School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
While most dentate non-mammalian vertebrates possess simple conical teeth, some demonstrate complex tooth shapes. Lake Malawi cichlid fishes are an extreme example of this, exhibiting a myriad of tooth shapes driven by an ecologically derived rapid evolution of closely related but distinct species. Tooth shape in mammals is generally considered to be established by signaling centers called primary and secondary enamel knots, which are not believed to be present in non-mammalian vertebrates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopmentally cascading structures do not lose evolutionary potential, but compound developmental instability in rat molars.
bioRxiv
January 2025
Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Increasing variability down serially segmented structures, such as mammalian molar teeth and vertebrate limb segments, is a much-replicated pattern. The same phenotypic pattern has conflicting interpretations at different evolutionary scales. Macroevolutionary patterns are thought to reflect greater evolutionary potential in later-forming segments, but microevolutionary patterns are thought to reflect less evolutionary potential and greater phenotypic plasticity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmodel of bacterial biofilm mineralization in complex humid environments: a proof of concept study.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol
January 2025
Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany.
Background: Bacteria in physiological environments can generate mineralizing biofilms, which are associated with diseases like periodontitis or kidney stones. Modelling complex environments presents a challenge for the study of mineralization in biofilms. Here, we developed an experimental setup which could be applied to study the fundamental principles behind biofilm mineralization on rigid substrates, using a model organism and in a tailored bioreactor that mimics a humid environment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDecoding the SARS-CoV-2 infection process: Insights into origin, spread, and therapeutic approaches.
Microb Pathog
January 2025
Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, India. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Over 768 million confirmed COVID-19 cases and 6.9 million deaths have been recorded globally by July 17, 2023, highlighting the devastating impact of the pandemic.
- SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, has a complex structure, including a large RNA genome and an envelope that aids in its infectivity, although its exact origin remains unclear.
- The review discusses various topics related to COVID-19, including its origins, implications for health and the economy, and a controversial link between SARS-CoV-2 and the enzyme aldose reductase, which could have implications for treatment and understanding of the virus's pathogenesis.
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