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The prevalence and immune response to coinfection by avian haemosporidians in wild Eurasian blackbirds .
Parasitology
January 2025
Joseph Banks Laboratories, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK.
Coinfection of a host by more than 1 parasite is more common than single infection in wild environments and can have differing impacts, although coinfections have relatively rarely been quantified. Host immune responses to coinfection can contribute to infection costs but are often harder to predict than those associated with single infection, due to the influence of within-host parasite–parasite interactions on infection virulence. To first quantify coinfection in a common bird species, and then to test for immune-related impacts of coinfection, we investigated the prevalence and immune response to avian haemosporidian (genera: , and ) coinfection in wild blackbirds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDynamic co-evolution of transposable elements and the piRNA pathway in African cichlid fishes.
Genome Biol
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK.
Background: East African cichlid fishes have diversified in an explosive fashion, but the (epi)genetic basis of the phenotypic diversity of these fishes remains largely unknown. Although transposable elements (TEs) have been associated with phenotypic variation in cichlids, little is known about their transcriptional activity and epigenetic silencing. We set out to bridge this gap and to understand the interactions between TEs and their cichlid hosts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn the coevolution of cotton and pathogenic fungi, resistant cotton varieties lead to an escalation in the virulence of Verticillium dahliae.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; Western Agricultural Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji 831100, China. Electronic address:
Verticillium dahliae is highly prone to pathogenic differentiation and influenced by host cotton's resistance. To better understand the mechanisms of this phenomenon, we applied the host selective pressures of resistant and susceptible cotton varieties on V. dahliae strain Vd076 within an artificial cotton Verticillium wilt nursery and greenhouse.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPositive selection on mammalian immune genes-effects of gene function and selective constraint.
Mol Biol Evol
January 2025
Department of Biology, Lund University, Kontaktvägen 10, 223 62 Lund, Sweden.
Genome-wide analyses of various taxa have repeatedly shown that immune genes are important targets of positive selection. However, little is known about what factors determine which immune genes are under positive selection. To address this question, we here focus on the mammalian immune system and investigate the importance of gene function and other factors like gene expression, protein-protein interactions, and overall selective constraint as determinants of positive selection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBreadth versus depth of knowledge: the need for new model trematode species.
J Helminthol
January 2025
Department of Zoology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin9054, New Zealand.
The growth of knowledge and research practices in any discipline is characterised by a trade-off between depth and breadth: we can either invest efforts to learn a little about many things, or learn a lot about few things. In parasitology, breadth of knowledge corresponds to research on biodiversity and taxonomy: the discovery and description of an increasing number of new species. In contrast, depth of knowledge comes from focused research on a few model species, about which we accumulate much detailed information.
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