The paper continues the "ontological" discussion in IBPS, addressing the question of the importance of ontological issues for contemporary development of cultural psychology. The language psychological science speaks is considered as an ontological issue and a most topical one for cultural psychology, aiming at "constructing a psychology that is universal while being culture-inclusive" (Valsiner 2009, p.2). Ontological issues could stay implicit and neglected, as long as the 'etant, "the mode of being", "the particularities" were discussed within the circle of adherents of one and the same school, who implicitly had in mind the same 'entre. However, as soon as the discussion involves representatives of different schools, ontological issues become crucial for mutual understanding and meanings of the words have to be explicated. Same words like "psyche", "subjectivity", "social", "culture", etc., - often mean different things when they are pronounces or written by representatives of different theoretical trends. The discussion of the 'etant without clear indicating of the 'entre under consideration is likely to turn into a Babel. Global modernity requires constant efforts and insistent desire for mutual understanding across the diversified global scientific community. Thus, creative collaboration in epistemological developments has to ground on clear comprehension of the ontological stances of the debaters.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12124-017-9397-3 | DOI Listing |
J Am Med Inform Assoc
January 2025
Sinclair School of Nursing, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, United States.
Objective: This study aimed to explore the utilization of a fine-tuned language model to extract expressions related to the Age-Friendly Health Systems 4M Framework (What Matters, Medication, Mentation, and Mobility) from nursing home worker text messages, deploy automated mapping of these expressions to a taxonomy, and explore the created expressions and relationships.
Materials And Methods: The dataset included 21 357 text messages from healthcare workers in 12 Missouri nursing homes. A sample of 860 messages was annotated by clinical experts to form a "Gold Standard" dataset.
Hist Philos Life Sci
January 2025
University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
The goal of this paper is to explore a set of epistemological and ontological issues regarding the historical and philosophical role of placebos in the contested history of antidepressants. Starting from an account of the dual nature of the placebo as both an epistemic and a therapeutic tool, and against the background of the heated debates on the efficacy of second-generation antidepressants, I propose two related arguments. First, I argue that placebos as controls played a crucial but paradoxical role in the rise of so-called evidence-based approaches to depression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNurse Educ Today
November 2024
Wesley Research Institute, Level 8, East Wing, The Wesley Hospital, 451 Coronation Dr, Auchenflower, QLD 4066, Australia. Electronic address:
Background: Extensive nursing literature exists on the term person-centred care. Nevertheless, there is scant literature defining or explicating the concept. Rather, necessary contextual pre-conditions are often presented under the guise of explicit definitions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLinacre Q
October 2024
Department of Emergency Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Human dignity refers to the value of the human person. By clarifying distinctions within human dignity, we can conclude that, whereas a person's ontological dignity cannot be lost or diminished regardless of circumstance, a person's existential, moral, or social dignity can be impaired. We describe the state of impaired existential, moral, or social dignity as a dignity disorder, which is defined by the criteria of: impaired rationality; impaired will; impaired capacity to love; and impaired body.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Affect Disord
January 2025
School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, UK; The Collaborating Centre for Values-based Practice, St. Catherine College, University of Oxford, UK. Electronic address:
This article aims to offer clinical descriptions and philosophical interpretations of the ontological nature of depressive experiences trying to address issues related to the contemporary diagnostic paradigm and values-based practices which shape clinical decisions. At the core of this contribution there is the idea that the variety of depressive experiences might be understood acknowledging the qualitative difference in the ontology underlying each form of depression. We argue that there is a fundamental difference between melancholia as a disease and those melancholic traits which characterizes human existence as such: while the former indicates a qualitative alteration of the global human experience, constituting psychopathological experience, the latter describes a style of disproportion of existence not pathological per se at all.
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