Pregnancy Outcome in Patients with Solitary Kidney.

Background: Solitary kidney may be congenital or as a result of nephrectomy. There is a lot of literature available on quality of life in these patients, but there is limited data on pregnancy outcome.

Objectives: To study pregnancy outcome in patients with solitary kidney either congenital or due to nephrectomy.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective observational study conducted at tertiary health center in Ahmedabad, from 2011 to 2014. There were 164 patients of solitary kidney, out of which two patients had congenital solitary kidney and the remaining had solitary kidney due to nephrectomy. Among 164 patients, 96 (58.53 %) patients had completed family, 37 (22.56 %) patients did not try for pregnancy, 15 (9.14 %) patients have conceived, 12 (7.3 %) were lost to follow up and 4 (2.43 %) patients were infertile. Patients in reproductive age group (20-40 years), with solitary kidney either congenital or due to nephrectomy, were included. Maternal and fetal outcome was studied, and patients were followed up till 2 years postpartum. Patients with solitary kidney due to post-renal transplant were excluded.

Results: There were 15 (9.14 %) patients who had conceived, out of which 11 (73.33) patients delivered and 4 (26.67 %) patients had spontaneous abortion. Two patients developed gestational hypertension and one had preeclampsia. On follow-up, all babies were normal and none of them had delayed developmental milestones.

Conclusion: Preconceptional counseling should be done in these patients regarding risk of developing preeclampsia during pregnancy and preterm delivery. These patients can have good pregnancy outcome with close monitoring during antenatal period.