Hyponatremia is defined as serum sodium of <135 mmol/L and equates with a low serum osmolality once translocational hyponatremia and pseudohyponatremia are ruled out. True hyponatremia develops when normal urine-diluting mechanisms are disturbed. In elderly patients, this complication is not uncommon, especially in nursing homes and assisted living facilities. Medications are often the most common cause of hyponatremia in these patients. Herewith, we reported a 65-year-old Saudi male, a known case of benign prostatic hypertrophy and hypertension, who developed recurrent hyponatremia secondary to tolterodine. To our knowledge, this is the fifth case reported in literature of such association.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1319-2442.206471 | DOI Listing |
BMJ Case Rep
January 2025
Medical Department, Lyell McEwin Hospital, Elizabeth Vale, South Australia, Australia.
Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS) are a group of connective tissue disorders associated with skin, ligament, blood vessel and organ abnormalities. Skin hyperextensibility, joint hypermobility and widened atrophic scars are characteristic of classical EDS. Vascular complications, though rare in classical EDS, can be life-threatening, and this necessitates one to look for vascular associations in non-vascular, such as classical, forms of EDS due to the heterogeneity of the syndrome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt Immunopharmacol
January 2025
Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC, SIPPR, IRD, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address:
Interleukin (IL)-18 is one of the members of IL-1 family cytokines, it was originally named as interferon gamma (IFN-γ) inducing factor. IL-18 is a pleiotropic immune regulator and has a bidirectional regulatory effect on immunity. It exerts a potent pro-inflammatory effect by inducing the expression of IFN-γ, also has an important anti-inflammatory role.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Pharm Des
January 2025
Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Intrauterine Adhesions (IUA) are a significant cause of infertility and miscarriage, often resulting from trauma to the endometrium. While hysteroscopic adhesiolysis is the primary treatment, the use of hydrogels as anti-adhesion barriers and drug delivery systems is gaining traction for improving patient outcomes. This review aims to explore various hydrogel types, their role in tissue repair, and the integration of stem cell therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Cardiol Rep
January 2025
Division of Cardiology, McGill University Health Centre, 845 Rue Sherbrooke O, Montreal, QC, H3H 0G4, Canada.
Purpose Of Review: This review aims to evaluate current diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for postpericardiotomy syndrome (PPS), with a focus on the evolving role of multimodality imaging, including echocardiography, cardiac computed tomography (CCT), and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). The review also explores the potential benefits of advanced imaging in improving the accuracy and management of PPS.
Recent Findings: PPS, a common complication following cardiac surgery, presents with pleuritic chest pain, fever, and pericardial or pleural effusion.
Pediatr Allergy Immunol Pulmonol
January 2025
Clinical Immunology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Paediatrics, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
: RAS guanyl-releasing protein 1 (RASGRP1) deficiency is characterized by immune dysregulation and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related lymphoproliferation. Diffuse mesangial sclerosis is one of the infrequent causes of infantile nephrotic syndrome. : Here, we described a 7-year-old girl who was diagnosed with diffuse mesangial sclerosis at 5 months old and subsequently developed chronic bilateral neck swelling at the age of 3 years.
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