Purpose Of Review: Dexmedetomidine is a drug with sedative, anxiolytic, sympatholytic and analgesic properties, which is finding widespread practice in paediatric anaesthesia and related practices. The present review summarizes its pharmacology and current experience with the drug.
Recent Findings: Dexmedetomidine is proving useful in many diverse areas in paediatric anaesthesia where its sedative properties are useful for premedication, fibreoptic intubation and radiologic procedures. Its use as an adjunct for balanced anaesthesia where it can decrease the use of other drugs, reduce emergence delirium, postoperative shivering and vomiting. Muted apoptotic neuroprotective effects may realize benefits in neonates. Cardiac conduction delay, an adverse effect, may prove beneficial for arrhythmias after congenital cardiac surgery.
Summary: Most of the paediatric published studies concerning dexmedetomidine are observational in nature, with limited control groups or comparators. Adverse effects (e.g. bradycardia) still require greater scrutiny in the paediatric population and particularly with respect to different age groups. Dexmedetomidine currently has a firm position in the armamentarium of anaesthesia pharmacology. It is not the new all-in-one drug, but it is shaping up as a valuable adjunct for diverse indications within paediatric anaesthesia. VIDEO ABSTRACT: http://links.lww.com/COAN/A44.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ACO.0000000000000488 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Pain control and analgesic requirements following laparoscopy-assisted transversus abdominus plane (TAP) block compared to port site infiltration post-paediatric laparoscopic appendicectomy. A Randomised controlled trial.
Pediatr Surg Int
January 2025
Department of Paediatric Surgery, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.
Background: Appendicectomy is a common procedure in children. Regional anaesthesia helps reduce requirements for opioids and hospital stay and enhances recovery. Laparoscopic-assisted Transversus Abdominus Plane block (L-TAP) was shown to be efficient and potentially superior to port site infiltration (PSI); however, this was not previously studied in paediatric appendicitis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Pain control following Nuss thoracoplasty remains a challenge. Cryoanalgesia of the intercostal nerves has been demonstrated to reduce postoperative pain in these patients. The objective of this study was to understand how and how widely cryoanalgesia is used in pediatric patients undergoing funnel chest surgery in Spain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatric Interventions in a Sanfilippo Syndrome Patient Under General Anesthesia: A Case Report.
Case Rep Dent
January 2025
Faculty of Dental Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon.
Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) Type III (MPS III) or Sanfilippo syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive inherited metabolic disorder. This disorder is responsible for lysosomal storage disorder at the cellular aspect. Due to lysosomal enzyme perturbance leading to the alteration of macromolecule metabolisms, this cellular perturbance causes multiple severe systemic and mental outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRacial and Ethnic Disparity in the Administration of General Anesthesia.
Anesth Crit Care
October 2024
Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona CA 91766, USA.
Healthcare disparities continue to affect communities in the United States that are racially and ethnically diverse, disabled, and economically disadvantaged, even though medical and technological advancements have made great strides in these areas. Disparities in health outcomes and difficulties obtaining care for both acute and chronic illnesses are more common among these populations when compared to the overall population. Disparities in anesthesia care delivery have been documented in multiple studies, and they are based on factors such as patients' racial/ethnic background, gender, sexual orientation, ability to communicate in English, and accessibility to health insurance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUse of virtual reality to remotely train healthcare professionals in paediatric emergency tracheostomy skills: protocol for a multi-centre, non-inferiority educational interventional study with historical controls.
BMC Surg
January 2025
Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection, and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
Background: The insertion of a tracheostomy is an established technique used to wean patients off ventilatory support, manage secretions in complex conditions, and as a potentially life-saving procedure to bypass upper airway obstruction. Life-threatening complications during aftercare are not uncommon and may be influenced by a lack of education of carers or healthcare providers of children and young people living with a tracheostomy. Education programmes designed and supported by the National Tracheostomy Safety Project are effective, but resources are not available to educate the workforce at scale.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!