AI Article Synopsis
- Non-host-adapted Salmonella serovars, like S. Typhimurium, can infect food-producing animals without making them sick, highlighting the need for effective interventions to improve food safety and differentiate infected from vaccinated animals.
- An attenuated DIVA vaccine (BBS 866) for S. Typhimurium was tested on pigs, showing that vaccinated animals experienced less fever, lower immune responses, and reduced Salmonella shedding after being challenged with the virulent strain.
- RNA-Seq analysis revealed significant differences in gene expression related to bacterial invasion and motility, confirming that the vaccine strain has a reduced ability to infect while also modulating the pigs' immune response, indicating potential benefits for both animal health and food safety.
Article Abstract
Purpose: Non-host-adapted Salmonella serovars, including the common human food-borne pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium), are opportunistic pathogens that can colonize food-producing animals without causing overt disease. Interventions against Salmonella are needed to enhance food safety, protect animal health and allow the differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA).
Methodology: An attenuated S. Typhimurium DIVA vaccine (BBS 866) was characterized for the protection of pigs following challenge with virulent S. Typhimurium. The porcine transcriptional response to BBS 866 vaccination was evaluated. RNA-Seq analysis was used to compare gene expression between BBS 866 and its parent; phenotypic assays were performed to confirm transcriptional differences observed between the strains.
Results: Vaccination significantly reduced fever and interferon-gamma (IFNγ) levels in swine challenged with virulent S. Typhimurium compared to mock-vaccinated pigs. Salmonella faecal shedding and gastrointestinal tissue colonization were significantly lower in vaccinated swine. RNA-Seq analysis comparing BBS 866 to its parental S. Typhimurium strain demonstrated reduced expression of the genes involved in cellular invasion and bacterial motility; decreased invasion of porcine-derived IPEC-J2 cells and swimming motility for the vaccine strain was consistent with the RNA-Seq analysis. Numerous membrane proteins were differentially expressed, which was an anticipated gene expression pattern due to the targeted deletion of several regulatory genes in the vaccine strain. RNA-Seq analysis indicated that genes involved in the porcine immune and inflammatory response were differentially regulated at 2 days post-vaccination compared to pre-vaccination.
Conclusion: Evaluation of the S. Typhimurium DIVA vaccine indicates that vaccination will provide both swine health and food safety benefits.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5817229 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.000482 | DOI Listing |
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