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The multifunctionality of the brainstem breathing control circuit.
Curr Opin Neurobiol
January 2025
Department of Physiology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Subconscious breathing is generated by a network of brainstem nodes with varying purposes, like pacing breathing or patterning a certain breath phase. Decades of anatomy, pharmacology, and physiology studies have identified and characterized the system's fundamental properties that produce robust breathing, and we now have well-conceived computational models of breathing that are based on the detailed descriptions of neuronal connectivity, biophysical properties, and functions in breathing. In total, we have a considerable understanding of the brainstem breathing control circuit.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVariations in Sexual Identity Milestones Among Asexual People.
Arch Sex Behav
November 2024
School of Applied Psychology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
There is increasing interest in the interpersonal factors that shape the development of asexual individual's sexual identity, including age, gender, and romantic orientation. In this study, we examined variability in timing and pacing of asexual identity development milestones, with a focus on the diversity present in the asexual population. Among a sample of 317 participants aged 18-59 from three distinct birth cohorts, we measured participants' ages of asexual identity development milestones, including: first awareness of a lack of sexual attraction, first searching for orientation, first discovery of the term asexuality, first self-identification, and first disclosure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeveloping a soft micropatterned substrate to enhance maturation of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes.
Acta Biomater
December 2024
Cellular and Regenerative Medicine Centre, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada; Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada; Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada; School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSCCMs) show great potential as a model for studying heart function, but their immaturity limits their effectiveness.
- This study introduces a micropatterned substrate made from polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with varying stiffness to improve hiPSCCM maturation, allowing for better cell alignment and contractility over a three-week culture period.
- Findings indicate that culturing hiPSCCMs on this substrate enhances their maturity, as seen through improved contractility and calcium transient kinetics, making it a valuable tool for future disease modeling and treatment research.
Implementation of facemask sampling for the detection of infectious individuals with SARS-CoV-2 in high stakes clinical examinations - a feasibility study.
Future Healthc J
December 2024
Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, UK.
Article Synopsis
- Study Objective
- : The research evaluated the effectiveness of facemask sampling (FMS) to detect SARS-CoV-2 in vaccinated individuals during a mock PACES examination in Leicester, UK.
- Methodology and Results
- : Thirty-four participants wore modified facemasks capable of capturing exhaled virus and provided upper respiratory tract samples. Only one participant tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 via URTS, but not through FMS, indicating no transmission to others.
- Participant Feedback
- : Most participants found FMS acceptable, but 69% believed that a positive FMS result alone was not enough for a definitive diagnosis. The study suggests that FMS is a viable method for identifying infectious individuals
Drug-target interaction prediction with collaborative contrastive learning and adaptive self-paced sampling strategy.
BMC Biol
September 2024
Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Quzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Quzhou, China.
Background: Drug-target interaction (DTI) prediction plays a pivotal role in drug discovery and drug repositioning, enabling the identification of potential drug candidates. However, most previous approaches often do not fully utilize the complementary relationships among multiple biological networks, which limits their ability to learn more consistent representations. Additionally, the selection strategy of negative samples significantly affects the performance of contrastive learning methods.
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