Effects of intravenous Y. pestis mouse toxin (LD50) injection on glucose, lactate glucagon, insulin blood levels and cAMP liver content in dynamics of intoxication development were studied. Hypoglycemia, observed 2 hours after toxin administration seems not to be due to the enhanced glucose utilization in peripheral tissues because insulin blood level during this period was decreased and lactate concentration has not been changed. Glucagon content by 2-5 hour of shock was strong elevated. Proposal is made that Y. pestis mouse toxin might induce carbohydrate metabolism alterations via direct liver glucose synthesising enzymes inhibition rather than cAMP-dependent glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis regulation disturbances in this organ.
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Vaccines (Basel)
January 2025
Laboratory for Plague Microbiology, Especially Dangerous Infections Department, State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 142279 Obolensk, Russia.
Bacterial ghosts (BGs), non-living empty envelopes of bacteria, are produced either through genetic engineering or chemical treatment of bacteria, retaining the shape of their parent cells. BGs are considered vaccine candidates, promising delivery systems, and vaccine adjuvants. The practical use of BGs in vaccine development for humans is limited because of concerns about the preservation of viable bacteria in BGs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Extracell Vesicles
January 2025
Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive (IRSD), Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRAE, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France.
CprA is a short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) that contributes to resistance against colistin and antimicrobial peptides. The cprA gene is conserved across Pseudomonas aeruginosa clades and its expression is directly regulated by the two-component system PmrAB. We have shown that cprA expression leads to the production of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) that block autophagic flux and have a greater capacity to activate the non-canonical inflammasome pathway.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLancet Reg Health West Pac
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing, PR China.
Background: As natural reservoirs of diverse pathogens, small mammals are considered a key interface for guarding public health due to their wide geographic distribution, high density and frequent interaction with humans.
Methods: All formally recorded natural occurrences of small mammals (Order: Rodentia, Eulipotyphla, Lagomorpha, and Scandentia) and their associated microbial infections in China were searched in the English and Chinese literature spanning from 1950 to 2021 and geolocated. Machine learning models were applied to determine ecological drivers for the distributions of 45 major small mammal species and two common rodent-borne diseases (RBDs), and model-predicted potential risk locations were mapped.
Vaccines (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
Plague, caused by , poses a public health threat not only due to sporadic outbreaks across the globe but also due to its potential as a biothreat agent. Ironically, among the seven deadliest pandemics in global history, three were caused by . Pneumonic plague, the more contagious and severe form of the disease, is difficult to contain, requiring either prophylactic antibiotic treatment or vaccination.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTwo live attenuated vaccines (LAVs), LMA and LMP, were evaluated alone or in combination with a trivalent adenoviral vector-based vaccine (Ad5-YFV) for their efficacy and immune responses in wild type (WT) and interferon gamma (IFNγ) knockout (KO) mice in a C57BL/6 background. While LMA and LMP are triple deletion mutants of CO92 strain, Ad5-YFV incorporates three protective plague immunogens. An impressive 80-100% protection was observed in all vaccinated animals against highly lethal intranasal challenge doses of parental CO92.
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