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Advances in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: Sandra E. Black Lecture to the Canadian Neurological Sciences Federation.
Can J Neurol Sci
January 2025
Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Radiology and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Cerebral small vessel diseases (CSVDs) are among the most common age-related pathologies of the brain. Arteriolosclerosis and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) are the most common CSVDs. In addition to causing stroke and dementia, CSVDs can have diverse covert radiological manifestations on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging including lacunes, T2-weighted white matter hyperintensities, increased density of visible perivascular spaces, microbleeds and cortical superficial siderosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLacunes are associated with late-stage multiple sclerosis comorbidities.
Front Neurol
August 2023
Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology of The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Neuroscience, Fuzhou, China.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a condition that affects the veins and small blood vessels. Previous research suggests that individuals with MS have an increased risk of vascular events and higher mortality rates. However, the relationship between MS and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) remains uncertain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPerivascular spaces mediate a relationship between diabetes and other cerebral small vessel disease markers in cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases.
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis
September 2023
Dr. Sandra Black Center for Brain Resilience and Recovery, LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences building 1 Kings College Circle Room 4207, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, 1040 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, Ontario P7B 7A5, Canada. Electronic address:
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension are risk factors for cerebral small vessel disease (SVD); however, few studies have characterised their relationships with MRI-visible perivascular spaces (PVS). MRI was used to quantify deep (d) and periventricular (p) white matter hyperintensities (WMH), lacunes, PVS in the white matter (wmPVS) or basal ganglia (bgPVS), and diffusion metrics in white matter. Patients with T2DM had greater wmPVS volume and there were greater wmPVS volumes in patients with T2DM and hypertension together.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSoluble Epoxide Hydrolase Derived Linoleic Acid Oxylipins, Small Vessel Disease Markers, and Neurodegeneration in Stroke.
J Am Heart Assoc
January 2023
Dr. Sandra Black Center for Brain Resilience & Recovery, LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute Toronto Canada.
Background Cerebral small vessel disease is associated with higher ratios of soluble-epoxide hydrolase derived linoleic acid diols (12,13-dihydroxyoctadecenoic acid [DiHOME] and 9,10-DiHOME) to their parent epoxides (12(13)-epoxyoctadecenoic acid [EpOME] and 9(10)-EpOME); however, the relationship has not yet been examined in stroke. Methods and Results Participants with mild to moderate small vessel stroke or large vessel stroke were selected based on clinical and imaging criteria. Metabolites were quantified by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Imaging Features Associated with 20-Year Cognitive Decline in a Community-Based Multiethnic Cohort without Dementia.
Neuroepidemiology
August 2022
Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Introduction: This study aimed to characterize the association of cognitive decline starting in midlife with brain pathology in late life in the absence of dementia.
Methods: Nondemented Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities participants with brain imaging, all cognitive factor scores (CFSs), and nonmissing covariates were included. CFSs were collected at three visits across 21 years (1990-2013) (short-term cognitive change [1990-1996], long-term cognitive change [1990-2013]), and brain magnetic resonance imaging and florbetapir positron emission tomography (PET) imaging were collected in 2011-13 (PET subset n = 327).
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