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Metagenomics has revealed hundreds of species in almost all microbiota. In a few well-studied cases, microbial communities have been observed to coordinate their metabolic fluxes. In principle, microbes can divide tasks to reap the benefits of specialization, as in human economies. However, the benefits and stability of an economy of microbial specialists are far from obvious. Here, we physically model the population dynamics of microbes that compete for steadily supplied resources. Importantly, we explicitly model the metabolic fluxes yielding cellular biomass production under the constraint of a limited enzyme budget. We find that population dynamics generally leads to the coexistence of different metabolic types. We establish that these microbial consortia act as cartels, whereby population dynamics pins down resource concentrations at values for which no other strategy can invade. Finally, we propose that at steady supply, cartels of competing strategies automatically yield maximum biomass, thereby achieving a collective optimum.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.22644 | DOI Listing |
BMJ Open
March 2025
Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Objectives: This study explores factors affecting community-level demand for assisted partner services (APS) and HIV testing services (HTS) in western Kenya.
Design: This is a multilevel qualitative analysis conducted as part of the APS Scale-up Study, a hybrid type 2 implementation-effectiveness study of APS integrated within routine HTS. For this analysis, in-depth phone interviews assessed demand for APS and factors influencing decisions to participate in APS.
BMJ Open
March 2025
Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers Health, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.
Introduction: Some stressors, like the death of a partner, are common and rigorously studied, while others, such as those related to climate change or social media, are just emerging and in need of systematic research. The New Jersey Population Health Cohort (NJHealth) Study aims to characterise established and emerging stressors and delineate the pathways through which they influence health, especially among groups likely to experience chronic exposure to stressors including immigrants, people of colour, multigenerational families and low-income families.
Methods And Analysis: A prospective cohort, the NJHealth Study is recruiting 8000 NJ residents aged 14 and older using probabilistic and purposive methods to include members of multigenerational families, marginalised racial/ethnic and low-income populations, and recent immigrant groups.
Biosystems
March 2025
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Schlossplatz 1, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria; Mathematics Department, North-Caucasian State Academy, 369000 Russia, Karachay-Cherkessia, Cherkessk, Stavroploskaya str. 35; Demography Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Russia, Moscow, Leninskie Gory 1.
We explore the dynamics of genetic admixture and expansion, as well as language assimilation, through mathematical-demographic modeling. Our primary goal is to address the population-genetics 'paradox' wherein autosomes and allosomes present markedly different, if not contradictory, pictures of past migrations. We demonstrate that this paradox may find a purely demographic explanation, as single-sex and two-sex reproduction models exhibit markedly distinct dynamics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Pollut
March 2025
Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address:
Air pollution, especially small particulate matter (PM.), has emerged as a significant public health crisis in Pakistan, yet its long-term health impacts remain understudied. There is a critical lack of high-resolution spatiotemporal analysis that captures the changing exposure levels and associated mortality trends over extended periods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComput Methods Programs Biomed
March 2025
Department of Mathematics, S. V. National Institute of Technology, Surat 395007, Gujarat, India. Electronic address:
Background And Objective: Understanding tumor growth in the brain is a crucial and complex challenge. This study aims to develop and analyze a brain tumor growth model that incorporates variable-order time-fractional derivatives within a two-dimensional irregular domain. The purpose is to explore the effects of time-fractional orders, mutation rates, and growth parameters on tumor dynamics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!