Division of Pediatric Facial Plastic Surgery and Craniofacial Anomalies, Catholic Children's Hospital Wilhelmstift, Hamburg, Germany; Teaching Hospital of the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; Friedrich-Baur-Research-Institute for Biomaterials, Bayreuth, Germany; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; Department of Orthodontics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; and Department of Biomaterials, Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
Published: March 2017
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the integrity of a craniotomy grafted site in a minipig model using different highly porous calcium phosphate ceramic scaffolds either loaded or nonloaded with bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7).
Methods: Four craniotomies with a diameter of 15 mm (critical-size defect) were grafted with different highly porous (92-94 vol%) calcium phosphate ceramics [hydroxyapatite (HA), tricalcium phosphate (TCP), and biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; a mixture of HA and TCP)] in 10 Göttingen minipigs: (a) group I (n = 5): HA versus BCP; (b) group II (n = 5): TCP versus BCP. One scaffold of each composition was supplied with 250 μg of BMP-7. In vivo computed tomography scan and fluorochrome bone labeling were performed. Specimens were evaluated 14 weeks after surgery by environmental scanning electron microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and Giemsa staining histology.
Results: BMP-7 significantly enhanced bone formation in TCP ( = 0.047). Slightly enhanced bone formation was observed in BCP ( = 0.059) but not in HA implants. BMP-7 enhanced ceramic degradation in TCP ( = 0.05) and BCP ( = 0.05) implants but not in HA implants. Surface integrity of grafted site was observed in all BMP-7-loaded implants after successful creeping substitution by the newly formed bone. In 9 of 10 HA implants without BMP-7, partial collapse of the implant site was observed. All TCP implants without BMP-7 collapsed. Fluorescent labeling showed bone formation at week 1 in BMP-7-stimulated implants.
Conclusions: BMP-7 supports bone formation, ceramic degradation, implant integration, and surface integrity of the grafted site.
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.
Aim: Percutaneous vertebroplasty is generally considered a safe procedure, however, cases of cardioembolism and cardiac perforation have been reported.
Case Presentation: A 69-year-old woman was referred to our emergency department after an outpatient echocardiogram revealed a "thrombus-like" formation involving the right heart. Two weeks before she had undergone percutaneous vertebroplasty of the third to fifth lumbar vertebrae due to osteoporotic fractures.
Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Introduction: Alveolar bone defects pose significant challenges in dentistry. Due to the complexity of alveolar bone anatomy and insufficient repair mechanisms, large bone defects are difficult for the body to heal naturally. Clinical treatment typically involves the use of bone substitute materials.
Bone sialoprotein (Ibsp/BSP) is a bone-associated extracellular matrix protein. Ibsp knockout (Ibsp) mice exhibit defective alveolar bone formation, mineralization, and healing. We hypothesized BSP would rescue defective alveolar bone healing in a molar extraction model in Ibsp mice.
Center of Excellence for Dental Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. Electronic address:
Objectives: Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are promising for regenerative therapies due to their self-renewal and multilineage differentiation, essential for periodontal tissue repair. Although magnesium plays a vital role in bone metabolism, its specific effects on PDLSCs and potential applications in regeneration are unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of magnesium chloride (MgCl₂) on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human PDLSCs (hPDLSCs).
