This report provides sound evidence that the small molecule pharmaceutical PLX5622, a highly selective CSF-1R kinase inhibitor, crosses the blood-retina barrier and suppresses microglia activity. Members of this class of drug are in advanced clinical development stages and may represent a novel approach to modulate ocular inflammatory processes.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/tvst.6.2.10 | DOI Listing |
Front Pharmacol
December 2024
The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Introduction: Sulfatinib is a novel oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) with selective inhibition of fibroblast growth factor (FGFR), colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) 1, 2, and 3. It has been approved for the therapy of neuroendocrine tumors arising in the non-pancreatic (December 2020) and pancreatic (June 2021) glands. Until now, there has no research on the determination of sulfatinib in biological medium by ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Pharm
January 2025
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, PR China; School of Biomedical Engineering & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China. Electronic address:
The unsatisfactory immunotherapeutic responses are primarily attributed to the insufficient immune recognition and the presence of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ITM). This study focuses on the development of a tricomponent immunoactivating nanomedicine called TIN that combines a photosensitizer, an inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and a CSF-1R inhibitor to enable photodynamic immunotherapy by downregulating PD-L1 expression and repolarizing tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). TIN is designed to facilitate the drug delivery and target specific pathways involved in tumor progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biomol Struct Dyn
November 2024
Department of Physics, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India.
Microglia, the primary cellular mediator of neuroinflammation, plays a pivotal role in numerous neurological disorders. Precise and non-invasive quantification of microglia is of paramount importance. Despite various investigations into cell-specific biomarkers for assessing neuroinflammation, many suffer from poor cellular specificity and low signal-to-noise ratios.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt Immunopharmacol
December 2024
Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Immunology Lab, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar 382421, Gujarat, India. Electronic address:
Colony Stimulating Factor-1 Receptor (CSF-1R) signalling plays an important role in maturation, differentiation and activation of macrophages. Apposite generation and activation of macrophage phenotypes and subsequent adaptive immune response against any infection is decisive for a positive disease outcome. Antibiotic therapy is imperative for treating bacterial infections however antibiotics have off-target effects on host immune-cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnesth Analg
October 2024
Genetics and Aging Research Unit, Department of Neurology, McCance Center for Brain Health, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Background: Chronic pain is a debilitating medical condition that lacks effective treatments. Increasing evidence suggests that microglia and neuroinflammation underlie pain pathophysiology, which therefore supports a potential strategy for developing pain therapeutics. Here, our study is testing the hypothesis that the promise of pain amelioration can be achieved using the small-molecule pexidartinib (PLX-3397), a previously food and drug administration (FDA)-approved cancer medicine and a colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R) inhibitor that display microglia-depleting properties.
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