Two new flavanonol glucoside isomers, (2R,3S)-dihydrokaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucoside (1) and (2S,3R)-dihydrokaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucoside (2), were isolated from the aerial parts of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb., along with eight known flavanonol glucosides (3-10). Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. In addition, these compounds were evaluated to determine their acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities. The results indicated that these compounds have moderate inhibitory effects, with IC values ranging from 76.59 ± 1.16 to 97.53 ± 1.64 μM, except compounds 1 and 4 were inactive.
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