Functions and cosmetic features are markedly damaged by extensive or standard operation. Furthermore, high-risk cancers with poor prognosis have been considered to be strong candidates for intensive care since early times. Pediatric solid tumors and sarcomas of the bone soft tissue are included in these cases. Although the enlargement of surgical invasion directly corresponds to the improvement of radicalness in many cases, ultra-enlargement does not always reflect ultra-radicalness, rather resulting in acute exacerbation due to the spreading of cancer cells. Because an extent of cancer is sometimes estimated to be larger than its actual area, useless and dangerous extensive operation may be undertaken. The development of effective drugs and the advance of irradiation techniques contribute to the improvement of surgical results in combination with the advance of operative techniques.
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