Daclizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to the α subunit (CD25) of the interleukin-2 receptor and favorably modulates the immune environment in multiple sclerosis (MS). Blockage of CD25, among other effects, causes expansion and enhanced function of regulatory CD56 natural killer cells, which seems to be the leading mechanism of action in MS. Phase II and III clinical trials have demonstrated that monthly subcutaneous injections of daclizumab high yield process (DAC HYP) 150 mg in patients with relapsing MS led to a significant reduction of annualized relapse rate and decreased number of contrast-enhanced lesions on brain magnetic resonance imaging. Treatment with DAC HYP had efficacy superior to treatment with weekly injections of interferon β1a. This review summarizes the development of and clinical experience with daclizumab in MS.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1756285616671887 | DOI Listing |
NPJ Antimicrob Resist
February 2024
National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are key components of innate immunity across all domains of life. Natural and synthetic AMPs are receiving renewed attention in efforts to combat the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) crisis and the loss of antibiotic efficacy. The gram-negative pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most concerning infecting bacteria in AMR, particularly in people with cystic fibrosis (CF) where respiratory infections are difficult to eradicate and associated with increased morbidity and mortality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAutoimmun Rev
January 2025
The Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China. Electronic address:
Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are a group of complex, chronic conditions characterized by disturbance of immune tolerance, with examples including systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and psoriasis. These diseases have unclear pathogenesis, and traditional therapeutic approaches remain limited. However, advances in high-throughput histology technology and scientific discoveries have led to the identification of various pathogenic factors contributing to ADs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAutoimmun Rev
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany. Electronic address:
A wide variety of immunomodulatory therapies are already available for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). Through fundamental insights from basic research with a gain of knowledge in the pathological processes underlying MS, the exploration of additional medical compounds within clinical trials has been ignited. Emerging novel medications with innovative mechanisms of action are being introduced.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMult Scler Relat Disord
January 2025
Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Ospedale Policlinico San Martino - IRCCS, Genoa, Italy.
Background: A recent application of the GRADE guidelines indicated Faremus, a 5-day neuromodulation for 15 min per day via transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), as medium to highly recommendable for alleviating fatigue in multiple sclerosis (MS).
Methods: With this pilot study we aimed to evaluate the feasibility, acceptance, safety, and effectiveness of the Faremus treatment carried out in a multicenter context. The Rome unit prepared the intervention, supplied the personalized electrodes to the San Martino Hospital in Genova, where the neurological team enrolled the population of fatigued people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) and carried out the treatment.
Mult Scler Relat Disord
January 2025
Lung Transplantation Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address:
Observational studies have suggested a link between leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and multiple sclerosis (MS) progression, but the causal relationship remains uncertain. This study investigates the causal association between LTL and MS progression using a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. We analyzed genome-wide association summary statistics data from 472,174 individuals for LTL and 12,584 MS patients for disease progression.
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