Pigs have become increasingly popular in large-animal translational neuroscience research as an economically and ethically feasible substitute to non-human primates. The large brain size of the pig allows the use of conventional clinical brain imagers and the direct use and testing of neurosurgical procedures and equipment from the human clinic. Further macroscopic and histological analysis, however, requires postmortem exposure of the pig central nervous system (CNS) and subsequent brain removal. This is not an easy task, as the pig CNS is encapsulated by a thick, bony skull and spinal column. The goal of this paper and instructional video is to describe how to expose and remove the postmortem pig brain and the pituitary gland in an intact state, suitable for subsequent macroscopic and histological analysis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3791/55511 | DOI Listing |
Radiology
January 2025
From the Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, 132 S 10th St, 763G Main Bldg, Philadelphia, PA 19107 (A.L., C.K.Y.E., T.S.X., S.K.R., C.E.W., K.B., J.R.E., F.F.); Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy (F.P.); Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy (F.P.); University of California San Diego, San Diego, Calif (Y.K.); University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (A.M.K., S.R.W.); Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pa (S.K.R.); Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tenn (V.P.); Stanford University, Stanford, Calif (A.K.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex (D.T.F.); Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (A.B., I.P.R.); Department of Imaging Sciences, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (P.S.S.); and Department of Radiology, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom (P.S.S.).
Background Indeterminate focal liver observations in patients at risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) may require invasive biopsy or follow-up, which could lead to delays in definitive categorization and to postponement of treatment. Purpose To examine clinical effect of contrast-enhanced US (CEUS) in participants with high-risk indeterminate liver observations categorized as Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) category LR-4 (probably HCC) or LI-RADS category LR-M (probably or definitely malignant but not HCC specific) at CT or MRI. Materials and Methods This was a secondary analysis of a prospective international multicenter validation study for CEUS LI-RADS (January 2018 to August 2021).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Pharm Des
January 2025
Department of Horticulture and Life Science, Yeungnam University, Republic of Korea.
Introduction: Datura stramonium (DS) possesses strong medicinal and therapeutic potential but has been rarely evaluated in this context.
Methods: The present study was intended to evaluate the antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective potential of the crude methanolic leaf extract and ethyl acetate, chloroform, n-hexane, and aqueous fractions of DS in paracetamol-intoxicated rabbits. Paracetamol (2 g/Kg BW) was applied to induce liver and kidney injury in rabbits while the methanolic extract and fractions of DS were applied in the dose range of 150 mg/Kg to 300 mg/Kg body weight for 21 days.
J Anat
January 2025
Laboratorio de Evolución Humana, Universidad de Burgos, Burgos, Spain.
Studies of modeling processes have provided important insights in human evolutionary discipline. Most of these studies are based on facial bones and in much lesser extent on other bones such as those from the cranial vault. Thus, this study fills a gap in research by examining occipital bone modeling in subadults, adding individuals under 2 years old and expanding the sample size available to date.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBJU Int
January 2025
Department of Urology, Ashford and St Peter's Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Chertsey, UK.
Indian J Clin Biochem
January 2025
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, SKIMS, Srinagar, India.
The increasing incidence of gastric cancer (GC) in the Kashmir Valley is concerning, but its root causes are largely unknown. Dysregulated activation of the Hedgehog signaling pathway has been linked to various cancers, and the Human Hedgehog Interacting Protein (HHIP), a tumor suppressor, is frequently dysregulated in malignancies. However, the expression of the HHIP gene in GC is inconsistent and poorly understood.
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