Deriving meaningful insights from clinical trial and postmarketing safety data: Perspectives from India.

Today, drug safety data collection in India is both manual and electronic with reporting of potential overlapping and duplicate data, which is likely incomplete for further review and analysis. Furthermore, standardized data collection and timelines are not aligned with international standards. Complete coverage of safety data from all sources throughout the life of the drug cannot be ensured. There is no requirement to submit periodic safety data in clinical trials to regulatory authority. There is clearly a lack of emphasis on deriving meaningful safety data insights for ensuring patient safety. Efforts toward the early detection of drug safety issues are minimal. There is no mandate to publicly disclose drug safety findings. Benefit-risk evaluation of investigational and marketed products cannot be assured merely through annual status reports and periodic safety update reports, respectively. Focused initiatives involving stakeholders from regulatory, health-care, and pharmaceutical industries are required to change the current situation and enable derivation of meaningful insights from safety data. Equal emphasis on assessing real-time safety of the drugs and protection of patients' rights, safety, and well-being is required. Periodic safety data reporting in clinical trials, proactive safety data collection related to potential safety concerns, electronic medical records, electronic expedited reporting, collection of targeted data from stakeholders, and standardized and harmonized data collection aligned to the International Council for Harmonization guidelines are required. The Central Drugs Standard Control Organization should implement requirements to submit Development Safety Update Reports, Periodic Benefit-Risk Evaluation Reports, and Risk Management Plans. Access to clinical trials and postmarketing safety data through central repository would enable researchers to explore the data for application in clinical practice.