Toxic keratoconjunctivitis (TK) is an underrecognized complication of ophthalmic drug use and various environmental or occupational exposures. A detailed history and clinical examination are important to identify the offending agent(s). Common drug-related causes of TK include preservatives in ophthalmic medications, topical antimicrobials, and topical anesthetics. Alternatives to benzalkonium chloride as well as preservative-free formulations should be considered in patients requiring long-term topical medication. More advanced cases of TK may require preservative-free topical steroids and/or antibiotics, and occasionally surgical intervention. Early recognition and appropriate management of TK may help prevent permanent ocular and visual damage.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ICL.0000000000000392 | DOI Listing |
Cutis
October 2024
Drs. Munoz and Whitecar are from the Department of Dermatology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland. Dr. Norton is from the Department of Dermatology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda.
The manchineel tree (Hippomane mancinella) grows along the sand-vegetation boundary of Caribbean beaches. The tree also can be found in Florida and the US Virgin Islands. All parts of the tree are toxic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCase Rep Ophthalmol
July 2024
Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Western Eye Hospital, London, UK.
Introduction: We aimed to describe a case of bilateral keratoconjunctivitis after exposure to the toxic sap of .
Case Report: A 76-year-old gentleman presented after exposure to whilst he was gardening. He had 6/12 visual acuity in his right eye, and 6/4 in his left.
Ocular involvement in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected and treatment-experienced patients is a significant concern, despite the advancements in antiretroviral therapy (ART) medication. The extended life expectancy of HIV patients has altered the spectrum of HIV-associated ocular diseases, ranging from minor issues to severe vision impairment or blindness. Therefore, understanding these complications becomes crucial in providing comprehensive medical care and quality of life improvement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSurv Ophthalmol
September 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, China. Electronic address:
Ocular damage in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may cause insidious visual impairment, but its clinical features and the risk of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ)-related complications are still controversial. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate ocular damage in SLE, the correlation between eye and systemic involvement, and the ocular side effects of treatment. The database PubMed, Embase, and Ovid were used for literature from reception to July, 2023, and the calculation was carried out with R.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAllergol Int
July 2024
Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan. Electronic address:
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