Compartment Pressure Monitoring After Thyroid Surgery: A Possible Method to Detect a Rebleeding.

Background: Postoperative rebleeding after thyroid surgery is a rare but a serious complication. The aim of this study was to ascertain the extent to which postoperative pressure could be used as detector for rebleeding after thyroid surgery.

Methods: Thirty-two patients with thyroidectomy or hemithyroidectomy were considered prospectively. In the course of surgery, a pressure microsensor (3PN Probe Spiegelberg) was implanted into the postoperative cavity and data were collected for special activities and stress situations over the first 48 h postoperatively. Additional endpoint was the influence of drains on the determined values.

Results: The overall mean pressure (MP) at rest on both postoperative days for all patients with and without drain was 0.36 ± 2.84 mmHg (range -6.7 to 6.7). The MP in all activity and stress situations on the first day was with 0.23 ± 3.71 mmHg, and on the second day, the MP was 1.33 ± 4.50. 92.13% of our values were below 7 mmHg. One patient had a hemorrhage. The pressure increases continuously up to 36 mmHg, before the patient was transferred to the operating theater.

Conclusions: This is the first pilot study to consider continuous pressure measurement to be a potential tool for early detection of a postoperative rebleeding in thyroid surgery. In the strictest sense, postoperative intra-cervical pressure at rest ranges from subatmospheric to 7 mmHg. The elevation of pressure in case of a rebleeding up to 36 mmHg differs dramatically from normal postoperative pressure. The collected data will warrant further validation to be able to recommend threshold values for an early treatment decisions in rebleeding.