Adverse drug reactions and kinetics of cisplatin excretion in urine of patients undergoing cisplatin chemotherapy and radiotherapy for head and neck cancer: a prospective study. | LitMetric
Background: Cisplatin is a high-potency anticancer agent; however, it causes significant adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Potential pharmacokinetic markers must be studied to predict or prevent cisplatin-induced ADRs and achieve better prognosis. This study was designed to investigate the relationship between ADRs and kinetics of cisplatin excretion in the urine of patients undergoing high-dose cisplatin chemotherapy and radiotherapy for head and neck cancer.
Methods: Outpatients with head and neck cancer received a first cycle of high-dose cisplatin chemotherapy (80-100 mg/m) concurrent to radiotherapy. ADRs (haematological, renal, and gastrointestinal reactions) were classified based on severity by National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE, version 4, grade 0-4). The kinetics of cisplatin excretion in urine was evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography over three time periods: 0-12, 12-24, and 24-48 h after the administration of cisplatin. Spearman Correlation test and regression analysis were performed to assess the relationship between ADRs and cisplatin excretion in the urine.
Results: In total, 59 patients with a mean age of 55.6 ± 9.4 years were analysed; most patients were male (86.4%), white (79.7%), and with pharyngeal tumours in advanced stages (66.1%). The most frequently observed ADRs were anaemia (81.4%), lymphopenia (78%), and nausea (64.4%); mostly grades 1 and 2 of toxicity. The mean cisplatin excretion was 70.3 ± 64.4, 7.3 ± 6.3, and 5 ± 4 μg/mg creatinine at 0-12, 12-24, and 24-48 h, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that the amount of cisplatin excreted did not influence the severity of ADRs.
Conclusions: The most frequent ADRs were anaemia, lymphopenia, and nausea. Grades 1 and 2 were the severities for most ADRs. The period over which the highest cisplatin excretion observed was 0-12 h after chemotherapy, and cisplatin excretion could not predict toxicity.
Purpose: Cisplatin (CDDP) induces acute kidney injury (AKI) as a side effect during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Urinary vanin-1 excretion may increase during CDDP treatment. We investigated whether urinary vanin-1 is an early biomarker for CDDP-induced AKI.
Unlabelled: This study investigated the anticancer phytocompounds in leaf extracts of Kunth. Quantitative analysis of the phytochemical composition showed high levels of primary metabolites: carbohydrates (45.11 ± 2.
Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain. Electronic address:
Acute kidney frailty (AKF) is a condition of increased susceptibility to acute kidney injury (AKI), an abrupt impairment of renal excretory function potentially leading to severe complications. Prevention of AKI relies on the recognition of risk factors contributing to AKF. At the population level, dehydration constitutes a predisposing factor for AKI.
Background: Late-onset type II Bartter syndrome is an exceedingly rare condition, with only six documented cases presenting symptoms and signs beyond infancy. We report a unique case of late-onset type II Bartter syndrome with an atypical presentation and clinical course following chemotherapy treatment during childhood.
Case Presentation: A 10-year-old boy, diagnosed with hepatoblastoma at age 2 and treated with cisplatin and epirubicin, presented with polyuria, polydipsia, failure to thrive, and electrolyte imbalances.
