We develop a novel concept for ultra-high speed cleaving of crystalline materials with femtosecond lasers. Using Bessel beams in single shot, fracture planes can be induced nearly all along the Bessel zone in sapphire. For the first time, we show that only for a pulse duration below 650 fs, a single fracture can be induced in sapphire, while above this duration, cracks appear in all crystallographic orientations. We determine the influential parameters which are polarization direction, crystallographic axes and scanning direction. This is applied to cleave sapphire with a spacing as high as 25 μm between laser impacts.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.25.009312 | DOI Listing |
Se Pu
February 2025
CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
Chemical modifications are widely used in research fields such as quantitative proteomics and interaction analyses. Chemical-modification targets can be roughly divided into four categories, including those that integrate isotope labels for quantification purposes, probe the structures of proteins through covalent labeling or cross-linking, incorporate labels to improve the ionization or dissociation of characteristic peptides in complex mixtures, and affinity-enrich various poorly abundant protein translational modifications (PTMs). A chemical modification reaction needs to be simple and efficient for use in proteomics analysis, and should be performed without any complicated process for preparing the labeling reagent.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomark Res
December 2024
Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, "G. d'Annunzio University" of Chieti- Pescara, Via dei Vestini, Chieti, 66100, Italy.
Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) technology is a groundbreaking and dynamic molecular tool for DNA and RNA "surgery". CRISPR/Cas9 is the most widely applied system in oncology research. It is a major advancement in genome manipulation due to its precision, efficiency, scalability and versatility compared to previous gene editing methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Chim Acta
January 2025
Food Inspection and Quarantine Technology Center of Shenzhen Customs, Shenzhen Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Shenzhen, 518045, PR China. Electronic address:
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
December 2024
Materials Science Division, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550.
Dynamin 1 (Dyn1) GTPase, a principal driver of membrane fission during synaptic endocytosis, self-assembles into short mechanoactive helices cleaving the necks of endocytic vesicles. While structural information about Dyn1 helix is abundant, little is known about the nanoscale dynamics of the helical scaffolding at the moment of fission, complicating mechanistic understanding of Dyn1 action. To address the role of the helix dynamics in fission, we used High-Speed Atomic Force Microscopy (HS-AFM) and fluorescence microscopy to track and compare the spatiotemporal characteristics of the helices formed by wild-type Dyn1 and its K44A mutant impaired in GTP hydrolysis on minimal lipid membrane templates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHypertension
January 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy (S.P., A.K.B., A.J.S.), University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR.
Background: Hypertension increases the risk of lymphedema in patients with comorbidities, but whether hypertension directly compromises lymph vessel (LV) function and lymph flow is unclear. We compared the contractions of mesenteric LVs ex vivo and lymph flow in vivo between normotensive and Ang II (angiotensin II)-induced hypertensive rats and explored the ionic basis of contractile patterns. Key studies were recapitulated in spontaneously hypertensive rats and control Wistar-Kyoto rats.
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